Buganda Constitutional Proposals 1991

 

Ssabasajja Ssabataka’s

Supreme Council,

P.O.Box 7451,

Kampala.

30th August 1991.

 

To: The chairman,

Uganda Constitution Commission,

P.O.Box 7206,

Kampala

 

Dear Mr. Justice B.J.Odoki,

 

We are forwarding to you the Buganda Constitutional Proposals, consisting of the main proposal and a summary of them, the latter being both in English and Luganda. 

 

Yours sincerely,

 

 

______________________                                                             ____________________________

Owek. JOSEPH P MUSOKE                                                               OMUTAKA KIBAALE NADUULI

Chairman and member                                                                         Chairman, Head of Clans’Council

Ssebasajja ssabataka’s                                                                       and member, ssabasajja ssabataka’s

Supreme Council.                                                                                  Supreme Council.

 

 

_________________________                                                      ____________________________ _

Owek. Prof. APOLLO NSIBANBI                                                   Owek. HAJI MOHAMMED KATEREGGA

Overall chairman, Joint constitutional committee                     NAMUGUZI Chairman, Bataka/Bazzukulu

 And member, ssabasajja’s supreme                                          Constitutional Committee and Member                                        

Council                                                                                       Ssabasajja Ssebataka’s Supreme Council.

 

 

_____________________________                                            __________________________________

Omulangira REV.DAN S.K. KAJUNBA                                           HAJI KASSIM MALE MABIRIZI

Secretary General and Member,                                                         Secretary, Head of Clans’

Ssabasajja Ssabataka’s Supreme                                                       Council

Council, and Member, constitutional

Committee.

 

 

                                                                ___________________________________

                                                                   Owek.JOHN W.KATENDE

                                                                   Legal Advisor and Member,

                                                                   Ssabasajja Ssabataka’s Supreme

                                                                   Council, Member Constitutional

                                                                   Committee.

 

The Honorable Chairman and member of the Constitution Committee.We have the honor and privilege  to present views of Buganda as an entity on the projected new constitution for Uganda.

 

Background.       

 

The view are contained in three document which are accompanied by a listed mass of written memoranda from all those who cared and were able to present their opinion in writing to the committees set up for that purpose.

 

Unwritten testimony was also received from numerous persons and all these have been taken into account in the presentation we are making to you.

 

The Buganda traditional society and body politic is stratified into these segments namely, the Kabaka together with the Royalty (Kabaka n’Abalangira), the Chiefs and the bataka (Abaami n’Abataka) and the commonalty (Abakopi); the most impontant segment politically being that of the commonalty who at all times have had the clout to dictate the structure, policies, changes and nature of Government ,With powers to decide who to accept or not to accept  as Kabaka or Chief, and to make representation as to the governance they require of Buganda. By and large the commonalty spoke through the chiefs and national assembly, the Lukikko, except where populist movements from time to time forced matters if the chiefs proved antagonistic as the 1945 and 1949, up heavals would show. In such situations the wrath of the commonalty would be wrecked on the incumbent individuals but not on there offices. Similarly, Buganda history is replete with stories of one Kabaka who was against the wishes and welfare of the people being deposed and replaced with another one but leaving the offices in act. The lesson to be drawn in this is that Buganda holds this political and social structure as sacrosanct despite continued social and political changes in the powers and privileges, which people, the commonalty, come with time. Further, that it is the voice of the people, the commonalty which determines the governance and control of Buganda political and social institutions including Kabakaship, grant authority and privileges or circumscribe such authority and privileges. The document we present to you  reflects these sentiments, strongly emphasized by the entire spectrum of the proponent  who presented there views men and women from all walks of life and all levels of social strata from the rich and poor, learned and the unlearned, the lowly and the might, the political activities and the politician, the religious faithful and the animist  even the atheists the views contained in this document presented are not necessarily the same views held by the individual members of the committee or delegation  appointed to present them. They are a summary of a democratic expression of the people of Buganda irrespectively of their station in life. Their views have been taken into account.

The final document is a consensus of opinion from three committee on the subject, each of which worked independently but meets at the end to put the collected views together. The three committees are as mentioned in the introduction :

(a)                 the Abataka constitutional committee;

(b)                 the Abazzukulu ba Buganda constitutional committee;

(c)                 the constitutional committee of Ssabataka’sSupreme Council. The selection and composition of these committee represent the said three segments of the Buganda Social fabrics and the views contained in the documents presented reflects the consensus of these segments.

We must point out that there was near unanimity of view on the spirit and principle enshrined in the 1962 constitution.  We have endeavored to incorporate this spirit and principle in the document we have presented.

 

We have been given this message that the people of Buganda deplore the abrogation of the 1962 constitution. They hope however, that if the spirit and principles of that constitution are incorporated in the new constitution, Buganda will happily take her place and play her role together with the other nationalities in unity and concord for the benefit of all people of Uganda.

 

Drafting and promulgation of the constitution

 

The consensus from Buganda as expressed to the committee is that the drafting and promulgation of the new constitution as the political act must be as the representative body directly elected by the people for the purpose. It is felt that it is for the people to give themselves the constitution. That the Government of the day being only a part of the people should accept the will of the people for whose governance the constitution id promulgated.

It is therefore proposed:

(One)         that for this purpose constituency  be demarcated and every one hundred thousand voters or as near that figure

                 as is practically possible elect their representatives to the constituent Assembly.

(Two)        that the election to the constituent Assembly be on non-party basis;

(Three)     that a constituency, if they so wish, may elect any body of their choice whether  such persons has a permanent home in the constituency or not;

(Four)        that where a member of the NRC is elected he shall devote his time and energy to service of the constituency in the constitution making process to preference of the NRC  business;

(Five)         that besides the directly elected members, the following group and institution be represented on the constitutional Assembly body elected or nominated and accredited by such organizations;

(a)                 The armed forces,5

(b)                 The political parties which participated in the 1980 election, 2 each

The religious groups namely, the catholic church, the church of Uganda, the Muslim supreme council, the othordox church , and fellowship of rest of the congregation of churches registered as non- governmental organizations, grouped together for th epurpose of  the constitution making process.

 

(Six)             That the constituent assemble be presided over by the chief Justice or a serving or retired Judge of that status or standing not having constitutional commission.

(Seven)    That the constitutional commission on completion of their present assignment be reconstituted as the secretariat of the constituent assembly.

 

It will be recalled that for reasons it is not necessary to mention here, the Bataka  had refused to submit their views to the commission. His Excellency the President graciously agreed to meet them and the Bataka were given assurance, which underpinned the spirit of their constitutional proposals we submit. It should not be considered that their views subsequently submitted and blended together with others in the document presented are the result of hurried and hastily assembled and half-backed opinions of the Bataka segment. The contrary is the case. The Bataka views are a result of over one year of consultation among the Bataka hierarchy, which spread the length, and breadth of Buganda. The reconsider refusal to submit their views had been a supervening events whose hurdles, they were assured, had been removed and no longer existed.

 

On behalf of all those whose views are reflected in the documents, presented, on behalf of the Ssabasajja Ssabataka and on the behalf of Buganda. WE HAVE THE HONOR TO PRESENT the draft constitutional proposal and profoundly thanks your lordship, the chairman, your esteemed members of the commission and above all His Excellency the President, Yoweri Kaguta Museveni and the National Resistance Movement to allow the people of Buganda individually and as a national entity to present their views on the proposed Constitution.

 

May God attend all those endeavors with His bountiful blessings.

For God and my Country.

 

INTRODUCTION

The two documents that are being submitted to the constitutional Commission do not merely consist of the ideas of the Ssabasajja Ssabataka’s Supreme Council and the Buganda Bataka  heads of clans’ council, but are a product of ideas, views and memoranda collected from all parts of Buganda during a period of over one year.

 

This exercise was initially undertaken by the joint Bataka and Bazzukulu constitutional committee headed by the Omutaka Haji M Katerega Namaguzi. The collected memoranda which are attached to these documents and are to be presented to the Uganda Constitutional Commission. With the appointment of Ssebataka’s supreme council, and additional council, an additional constitutional sub-committee was appointed which was joined Haji Katerega’s original committee.The joint Committee was under the overall chairmanship of  Prof. Nsibambi of the political Science Department, Makerere University. The document were finally put together by the legal adviser to Ssabataka’s supreme council assisted by a group of lawyers.

 

The collected views, ideas and memoranda were studied, considered and finally complied into two documents which are divided into the following four parts:

1.          Summary of proposal

    For ease of reference, a summary of the proposal contained in the main constitutional proposals is submitted.

   

    This summary seeks to highlight novel constitutional proposals and those that defer from the current constitution.

Further, this summary briefly set out reasons for the various proposals set out in the main constitution. Most os these proposal changes are not new. They are derived from 1962 constitution and are incorporated as a result of views and memoranda received from the people. Others are new proposals, which were also obtained from the people during the Bataka/Bazzukulu constitutional committee in the exercise of collecting views and memorandum on the new constitution. 

2.    Main constitutional Proposals.

This is a document that embodies the formal expression of the PROPOSAL OF WHAT THE BAGANDA WOULD LIKE THE CONSTITUTION OF UGANDA TO BE. It is comprehensively drafted as a constitution comprising all major aspects of the modern constitution ranging from the proposals on citizenship to form a government, from fundamental rights to the presidency; from the regislative process to form the structure of the judiciary; from the structure of the Federal status of the Government Revenue and expenditure; from public services to public and Mailo land.

 

This document is drafted in legal language to minimize ambiguity and obscurantism, so as to clarify the intention and proposal of the Buganda.

 

3.Explanatory Notes 

 The end of the main constitutional proposals, explanatory notes are included.

These seek to draw attention to provision that have been changed and those that have been saved and the reasons therefor.

4.Memoranda

Memoranda collected by the joint Bataka and Bazzukulu constitutional committee in the course of preparation of the main constitutional commission an authentic and original form of the written ideas obtained from the people.

Dated 30th August 1991.

 

THE CONSTITUTION OF UGANDA

 

ARRANGEMENT OF ARTICLES

 

CHAPTER 1

ARTICLE

1. Constitution to be supreme Law.

2. Federal Government.

3. Constitution Traditional Leaders.

4.Alteration of the Constitution.

 

CHAPTER II

CITIZENSHIP

5.Citizen of Uganda.

6.Powers of Parliament.

7.Dual Citizenship.

8.Preferential treatment of citizens of other Countries.

 

CHAPTER III

 

PROTACTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOM OF THE INDIVIDIAL

9. Fundamental rights and freedom of the individual.

10. Protection of rights to life.

11.Protection to slavery and forced labour.

13.Protection from inhuman treatment.

14.Protection of deprivation  of property.

15. Protection for privacy of homes and other property.

16. Provisions  to secure protection of law.

17. Protection  of freedom of conscience.

18. Protection of  freedom of expression.

19. Protection of freedom of assembly.

20. Protection of freedom of cultural association.

21. Protection of freedom of movement.

22. Protection from discrimination on grounds of race.

23. Provision for times for war or public provision .

24.provision for a  state of insurgency.

25. Enforcement of protective provision.

26. Interpretation and savings.

 

CHAPTER IV

 

THE EXECUTIVE.

Part 1-The President and Vice President.

27. President of Uganda.

28. Qualifications for the President.

29. Election for the President.

30. Determination for Questions as to election of the President

31.Oath to be taken by the President.

32. Assumption and tenure of the President.

33. Removal and impeachment of the President.

34. Vice President.

 

Part II- MINISTER AND CABINET.

35.Presidential powers to appoint Ministers.Functions.

36. Functions of Ministers, Ministers of State and Deputy Ministers.

37.Attorny General.

38. Oaths to be taken by Ministers etc.

39. Cabinet.

40. Meeting of Cabinets.

 

Part III FEDERAL STATE GOVERNMENTS

41. Structure of federal State Government and their Government.

CHAPTER V

       Part1 PARLIAMENT.

42.Composition of Parliament.

43.Federal State Councils and Sub-state councils.

44. Qualifications for Membership of Parliament.

45.Disqualification for Membership of Parliament.

46. Speaker.

47. Deputy Speaker .

48. Election of elected members.

49. Election of State Councils.

50. Qualification of Voters.

51. Electoral commission.

52. Constituencies.

53. Nomination of Presidential Nominees.

54. Tenure of Office of Members of Parliament.

55. Determination of Questions to the Membership of Parliament.

56.Clerk to Parliament and his Stuff.

 

Part II- PROCEDURE IN PARLIAMENT

       57.Oaths to be taken by a member of Parliament.

       58. Presiding in Parliament.

       59. Quorum in Parliament.

       60. Voting in Parliament.

       61. Unqualified person sitting or voting.

       62. Mode of exercising legislative power.

       63.Presidential powers of Veto.

        64 Regulation of procedure in Parliament.

Part III- SUMMONING, PROROGATION AND DISSOLUTION

       65.Sessions of Parliament.

       66. Prorogation and dissolution of Parliament.

CHAPTER VI

LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE POWERS

Part I –LEGISLATIVE POWERS.

67.Legislative and Executive Power.

68. Supremacy of Parliament

69. Legislative Powers of the President.

Part II- ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS

70 Exercise of Executive Powers in Federal State.

71 Supremacy of the central Government

72. Executive Powers of Uganda.

73 Permanent Secretaries.

74. Police forces.

75. Control of Police forces.

76. Tenure of office of Auditor-General and Inspector General of Government.

77. Director of Public Prosecution.

78 Qualification of Director of Public Prosecution

79 Prerogative of Mercy.

80 Advisory Committee on Prerogative of Mercy

81 Functions of Advisory Committee.

82 Power of President to make treaties, appointments etc.

83. Declaration of War.

84 Commander of Armed forces.

85 Exercise of President Function.

CHAPTER VII

ADMINISTRATION OF FEDERAL STATES.

86. Administration of Federal States.

87. Disagreements between Central Government and Federal Governments.

 

CHAPTER VIII

THE JUDICATURE

Part I- THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA

88. High Court of Uganda.

89. Appointments of Judges of High Court of Uganda.

90.Tenure of Office of Judges.

91. Oaths to be taken by Judges.

92.Principle Judge to head High Court.

93.Questions as to the interpretation by the constitution.

94.Early hearing of constitution and election case.

Part II- THE SUPREME COURT OF UGANDA

95. Supreme court of Uganda.

96.Appointment of Judges of the Supreme Court.

97. Tenure of Office.

98.Oaths to be taken by Judges of the Supreme Court.

99. Composition of the Supreme Court of Uganda.

100. Administrative Functions of the Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice.

 

Part I JUDICIAL IAL SERVICE COMMISSION.

101. Judicial Service Commission.

102. Appointments etc of Judicial Officers.

 

CHAPTER IX

Part I-FINANCE.

103. Source of funds and revenue for the central and federal States.

104. Consolidated funds.

105. Withdrawal from the consolidated fund.

106. Authorization of expenditure in advance of appropriation.

107. Contingencies find.

108. Remuneration of certain officers.

109.Public Debt.

111. Auditor General.

 

Part II- FINANCIAL PROVITIONS FOR THE FEDERAL STATES. 

112. Grants from the central Government to federal states.

113.Grants to be charged on the consolidated funds.

114. Collection of Revenue of Federal states.

 

CHAPTER X

THE PUBLIC SERVICES OF UGANDA.

 

115.Public Service Commission.

116. Teaching Service Commission.

117. District Service Committee.

118. Appointments etc of public officers.

119. Appointments etc, of Representative of Uganda abroad.

120. Protection of Pension rights.

121. Power of appropriate Authority in relation to pension etc.

 

CHAPTER XI

PUBLIC LAND

 

122. Land commission.

123. Interpretation.

 

CHAPTER XII

THE UGANDA ARMY

 

124. Army to be known as Uganda.

125. Army to be Propionate to population of federal States.

126.Code of conduct of the Uganda Army.

 

CHAPTER XIII

GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS

 

127. Capital of Uganda.

128. Official and National Languages.

129. President of Constitutional Traditional Language.

130. Privilege of Constitutional Language Leaders.

131.Privalageof members of federal state Council.

132. Local Government Councils in Federal states.

134. Resignation.

135. Re-Appointments and concurrent appointments.

136.Existing Law.

137.Existing Offices.

138.Oaths deemed to have been taken.

139. Pending matters.

140. Succession to property.

141. Succession to contracts.

142. Vesting of other Rights.

143. Legal proceedings.

144. International Agreements.

145. Mailo land.

146.Compalsory Retirements to facilitate appointments of local candidates.

147.Appeal Board.

148. Cessation of constitution of September 1967.

149. Interpretation.

 

SCHEDULES

Schedule I – Federal States of Uganda.

Schedule II –Central Government List.

Schedule III –Concurrent List.

Schedule IV –Federal State List.

Schedule V –Sources of Revenue for Federal States.

Schedule VI –The Boundary of Uganda.

 

EXPLANATORY NOTES.

 

 

THE CONSTITUTION OF UGANDA

 

CHAPTER

 

THE FEDERATON OF UGANDA.

  1.CONSTITUTION TO BE SUPREME LAW

            1)     This Constitution is the Supreme Law of Uganda.

        2)     Subject to the provision of article 4, if any other Law is inconsistency with the constitution, this constitution shall prevail and the other law                   

                shall, to the existence of the inconsistency, be void.

  2.FEDERAL  GOVERNMENT

1)       Uganda shall have a federal form of government.

2)       The Federal of Uganda shall consist of:

One)           Federal states;

Two)          The territory of Kampala.

3)       The particulars of Federal Government States as well as the territory of Kampala are more particularly delineated  in Schedule I to this    

constitution.

  3.CONSTITUTIONAL TRADITIONAL LEADERS

1)       There shall be Constitutional Traditional Leaders for these Federal States, which may want them.

2)       The status and title of the constitutional traditional leaders shall be decided upon by the federal state, which have them and are hereby recognized by the constitution.

3)                       (i)            The people of the federal state concerned shall bear the cost of maintenance  and keep-up of their constitution traditional      

leaders as well as for any institution attached thereto.

 

(ii)           the indigenous people of the federal state nor those from outside the federal state may be compelled to adhere to   traditions and/   or cultural practices of that area or federal state, nor may they be compelled to pay allegiance to the constitutional traditional leaders.

(c)                 The decision whether or not to remunerate close relatives of the constitutional traditional leaders shall be exclusively decided by the federal state concerned.

     4)                        (i)            A constitutional traditional leader may not join central government, politics nor take up office in the central government.

                               

(b)                 A constitutional traditional leader who opts to join central government politics or take up an office in the central government shall first renounce his title and shall automatically forfeit all benefits and privilege of a constitutional traditional leader.

(c)                 Any relatives of constitutional leader who is numerated by his local area or federal state who decides to  engage into active central government politics shall automatically forfeit all the remuneration he is entitled to as a relative of the constitutional traditional leader but shall not have to renounce his title or other non-monitory privileges.

    5)         The election and qualification of a constitutional traditional leader as well as dismissal of a constitutional traditional leader shall depend entirely on the tradition and culture heritage or practice of the people of the federal state concerned.

6)             The power and role of constitutional traditional leader as be sure as the federal state may determine.

7)             Any cultural dispute between a constitutional traditional leader and his people shall be mediated by the cultural machinery of the federal state concerned.

8)             (i) In the event of disagreement  between a constitutional traditional leader and a central government the same shall be referred to a standing mediation committee to arbitrate on the issue so agreed upon.

(ii) The mediation committee shall be composed of;

(One)         two persons appointed by the governor of the federal state  from which the concerned constitutional traditional leader hails.

(Two)        Two persons appointed by the central government;

(Three)     One neutral member elected jointly by the four affronted appointees to form a fifth member of the chairman of the mediation committee.

(d)                 The decision of the committee shall be binding, shall have the same force of law as a high court judgement and shall be final.

4)       ALTERATION OF CONSTITUTION

(1)     Subject to the provision of this article, parliament may alter any of the provisions of this constitution.

(2)     Subject to the provisions of clause (3)of this article, no amendment of the constitution shall be effective unless;                           (a) it has been supported on the second and third readings in Parliament by the votes of at least two thirds majority of all members of the parliament.

(b) It id supported by a simple majority of at least eight of the fourteen federal states.

3)Any amendment to the constitution under this article so far as it provides for an alteration to any provisions of chapter I, II or III or articles 33, 40, 41(4), 42, 43, 46, 49, 59, 82, 83, 84 (2), 85, 90,103, 112, 113, 127, 129, 130, 140, and 145 of this constitution or any provision of schedule I, II, IV or V to this constitution shall not be effective unless it has been supported on the second and third readings by the votes of not less than two thirds of all members of parliament and a simply majority in all federal state councils.

Provision that were such amendment affects the parliament institution of a federal state or the position, rights, or privilege of the constitutional traditional leader, the amendment shall not be effective except with the third majority of the federal state concerned, in addition with all the other requirements of this clause.

4) A motion for altering the constitution may originate either in parliament or in a federal council.

5)       (a) The president shall not signify his assent to any amendment to the constitution under this article unless the amendment is accompanied by the certificate of the speaker signed by him certifying that the amendment has been supported in parliament as required by this article and traditional certificate signed by the persons presiding over each of the relevant federal state council required under clause 2 and 3 hereof.

(b) The certificate referred to in this clause shall be conclusive evidence of the fact so certified.

(Four)        In this article, referees to any of the provision of this constitution include reference to any law, or any instrument made under a law not amends,

modifies, re-enacts with or without amendment or modification or makes different provisions in lieu of that provision.

 

CHAPTER II

CITIZENSHIP II

5. CITIZEN OF UGANDA

                (1) The following persons shall be citizens of Uganda, that is to say:

(One)            Every person who on the commencement of this constitution is a citizen of Uganda.

(Two)           Every person born in Uganda after the commencement of this constitution one of whose parents or grandparents is or was a citizen of Uganda.

(Three)        Every person born outside Uganda after the commencement of this constitution one of whose parents or grandparents is or was a citizen of Uganda provided that his father was a citizen of Uganda otherwise than by virtue or this paragraph at the time of the person’s birth or in case of the father’s death before that persons birth, at the time of the father’s death;

(Four)           Every person lawfully registers as a citizen of Uganda after the commencement of this constitution. 

(2) Any person being a minor whose father acquired citizenship by virtue of the provision of paragraph (d) of clause (1) of this article after the

Coming into forces of this constitution shall by virtue of that acquisition to be a citizen of Uganda.

(3)     The provision of immediate proceeding  clause shall apply to any person being a minor, who at the coming into force of the constitution is a person whose father  acquired citizenship of Uganda by registration under the law then in force.

(4)     The following persons, if not citizen of Uganda, shall be entitled to be register  as citizen of Uganda upon making application in such manners as may be prescribed by Parliament, that is to say;

(One)         Any woman who is at any time has been married to a citizen of Uganda.

(Two)        Any woman who as at any time married to a person who but for his death before 9th October 1962, would have become a citizen of Uganda on that date.

(5)     for the purpose of this chapter, a person born abroad a registered ship or air craft or abroad an unregistered  ship or air craft of any country shall be deemed to have been born in the place which the ship or air craft was register or as the case may be in that country.

(6)     POWERS OF PARLIAMENT.

(1)     Parliament may make provision for the acquisition of citizenship of Uganda by persons who are eligible or who are no longer eligible to become citizens of Uganda under the provision of this chapter.

(2)     Parliament may make provision for depriving of his citizen of Uganda otherwise than by virtue of his birth.

(3)     Parliament may make provision for renunciation any person of his citizenship of Uganda.

 

 

DUAL CITIZENSHIP.

(1)     Any person who, upon the attainment of the age of twenty one years, is a citizen of Uganda and also a citizen of some country other than Uganda shall, subject to clause (5) of this article, cease to be a citizen of Uganda upon attaining the age of twenty two years unless he has renounced his citizenship of that other country, taken the oath of allegiance and, in the case of a person born outside Uganda, made and registered such declaration of his intentions concerning residence as may be prescribed by parliament.

(2)      A citizen of Uganda shall cease to be such a citizen if,

(One)         Having attained the age of twenty-one years, he otherwise acquires the citizenship of some other county other than Uganda by voluntary act, other than marriage; or

(Two)        Having attained the age of twenty-one years, he other wise requires the citizen of some other country other than Uganda and has not, within one year of acquiring that citizenship, renounced that citizenship, taken the oaths of allegiance and made and register such declaration of his attention concerning residence as may be prescribed by parliament.

 

(3)     A person who,

(a)      becomes a citizen of Uganda by registration  under article 5; and

(b)     is immediately after the day upon which he becomes a citizen of Uganda and also a citizen of some other country, shall subject to clause                                  of this article, ceases to be a citizen of Uganda at an expiration of three months after that day unless he ahs renounced the citizenship of that other

                        country, taken the oaths of allegiance, and made and registered  such declaration of his intention concerning residence as may be

                        prescribed by parliament.

(4)     For the purpose of this article, where under the Law of a country, other than Uganda, a person can not renounce his citizenship of that other country, he need not make such renouncements but he  may instead be requir3ed to make such declaration concerning that citizenship may be prescribed by   parliament.

(5)     Provision may be made by or under an Act for parliament for extending the period in which any person may make a renunciation of citizenship, take an oath or make or register  a declaration for the purpose of this article, and if such provision is made that person shall cease to be a citizen of Uganda only if at the expiration of the extended period he has not then made the renunciation, taken the oath or made registered the declaration, as the case may be.

 

8. PREFERANCIAL TREATMENT OF CITIZENS OF OTHER COUNTRIES

Parliament may make provision for according preferential treatment to citizen of commonwealth country or any other country which is a member of any International Organization of which Uganda is a member or with which Uganda is in association, on reciprocal basis.

 

CHAPTER III

 

PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 12

AND FREEDOMS OF THE INDIVIDIAL

                9. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOM OF THE INDIVIDIAL

(1)     Every person in Uganda shall enjoy the fundamental rights and freedom of the individual, that is to say, the rights to each and all of the following, namely;

(One)         Life, Liberty, security of the person and protection of the law;

(Two)        Subject to article 48 (3) of this constitution, freedom of conscience, of expression and assembly and association.

(Three)     Protection of the privacy of his home and other property without compensation, and

(2)     Freedom of cultural association, belonging to traditional association, or cultural institutions and indulging in cultural activities and practices. 

(3)     In the enjoyments of the rights and freedom referred to in clause (1) and (2) of this article, no person shall prejudice the rights and freedoms on others of public interest.  

(4)     The provision of this article shall have effect subject to the limitation contained in this chapter.

 

10    PROTECTION OF RIGHTS TO LIFE 

(1)     No person shall be deprived of his life intentionally save in execution of the sentence of a court in respect of a criminal offence under the law of Uganda of which he has been convicted.

(2)     Without prejudice to any liability for the contravention of any other law with respect to the use of force in such cases as are hereinafter  mention a person shall not be regarded as having deprived of his life in contravention of this article if he dies as the result of use of force to such extent as in reasonable justifiable in the circumstance of such cases,

 

(One)         For the evidence of any person from violence or for the defense of property.

(Two)        In order to effect the lawful arrest or to prevent the escape of a person lawfully detained.

(Three)     For the purpose of suppressing a riot, insurrection or mutiny.

(Four)        In order to prevent the commission by that person of a criminal offence; or if he dies as a result of a lawful act of war.

 

11. PROTECTION OF RIGHT TO PERSONAL LIBERTY

(1)     No person shall be deprived of his personal liberty save as may be authorized by the in any of the following cases:

(One)         In execution of the sentence or order of a court whether established for Uganda or some other country,  in respect of a criminal offence of which he has been convicted.

(Two)        In execution of the order of the court punishing or contempt of that court or of the court inferior to it;

(Three)     In execution of the order of a court to secure the fulfillment of any obligation imposed on him by law.

(Four)        For the purpose of bringing him before court in execution of the order of a court;

(Five)         Upon reasonable suspicion of having  committed, or being about to commit, a criminal offence under the law of Uganda;

(Six) In the case of a person who has not attained the age of eighteen years, for the purpose of his education of welfare;

(Seven)    For the purpose of preventing the spread of an infectious or contagious diseases;

(Eight)      In the case of a person who is, or is reasonable suspected to be, of unsound mind, addicted to drugs or alcohol, or a vagrant, for the purpose of his care or treatment or the protection of the community;

(Nine)        For the purpose of preventing the unlawful entry of that person into Uganda, or for the purpose of affecting the expulsion, extradition or other lawful removal of that person while he is being conveyed through Uganda in the course of his extradition or removal as a convicted prisoner from one country to another;

(Ten)          For the purpose of making, varying, discharging or enforcing an order providing for the detention of any person or restriction of any person to any residence or area within Uganda or for prohibiting him from being  within such area or for restricting his possession of specified article or his association and communication with other persons or for requiring him to notify his movement to any specified authority or imposing conditions reasonably necessarily for the purpose of enforcing any such detention, restriction, prohibition or requirement;

(Eleven)  For the purpose of restraining any person during any visit that he is permitted to make to any part of Uganda in which his presence would otherwise be unlawful.

(2)     Any person who is arrested, detained or restricted shall be informed as soon as reasonably practicable, in a language that he understands, of the reason for his arrest, detention or restriction. 

(3)     Any person who is arrested or detained,

(One)         for the purpose of bringing him before a court in execution of the order of the court, or

(Two)        Upon reasonable suspicion of his having committed or being about to commit, a criminal offence under the law of Uganda, and who is not released, shall be brought without undue delay before a court, and if any person arrested or detained as mentioned in paragraph (b) of this clause is not tried with in reasonable time, then without prejudice to any further proceeding that may be brought against him he shall be released, either unconditionally or upon reasonable conditions including in particular such conditions as are reasonably necessary to ensure that he appears at the later date for trial or for proceeding preliminary to a trial.

(4)     Any person who is unlawfully arrested or detained by any other person shall be entitle to compensation therefore from that other person.

(5)     Where a person is detained or restricted by virtue of such law as referred to in paragraph (j) of clause (1) of this article or of paragraph (c)  of clause (3) of article 21 of this constitution, the following provisions shall apply, that is to say:

(One)         he shall not, not more than twenty-eight days after the commencement of this detention or restriction , be  furnished with a statement in writing in a language that he understands specifying the grounds upon which he is detained or restricted and shall be afforded an opportunity of making representation in writing to the authority by which his detention or restriction was ordered.

(Two)        His case shall be reviewed by an independent impartial tribunal established by law and presided over by a person appointed by the chief justice, and such reviews shall be held: 

(i) As soon as reasonably practicable where the person detained or restricted has made representations to the authority by which his detention was ordered; or

(ii) In any other case not more than two months after the commencement of his detention or restriction, and thereafter during his detention or restriction, at intervals or not more than six months; provided parliament shall be reviewed by a sub-committee of parliament set up for that purpose.

(Three)     he shall be afforded reasonable facilities to consult, at his own expense, a legal representative to the tribunal.

(Four)        At the hearing of his case by the tribunal he shall be permitted to appear in person or, at his own expense, by a legal representative of his own choice;

(Five)         The tribunal may make recommendation concerning the necessity or expediency of continuing the detention or restriction, or the modification of any conditions attending thereto on any grounds including ill-health and good behavior, to the authority by which the detention or restriction was ordered.

(Six)   If on the expiry of two consecutive years of the person’s said continued detention, the person is not duly charged on a court of law, the said person’s detention shall automatically cease, and the said person shall be deemed acquitted.

(Seven)    A person so acquitted shall not be re- detained except with the express decision of parliament, or unless he is charged with an offence in a court of law.

(6)     Where a person is detained by virtue of such law referred to in clause (5) of article 23 of this constitution and when the declaration of the state of the public emergency ceases to have effect, is further detained by virtue of such law as is referred to in paragraph (j) or clause (i) of this article or of clause (3) of article 21 of this constitution, the provisions of sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) of paragraph (b) of clause (5) of this article shall not apply in respect of such persons.

(7)     Unless it is otherwise provided by law, the authority to which recommendations are made pursuant to the provision of paragraph of clause (5) of this article shall not be obliged to act in accordance with any such recommendations.

(8)     No order made under such laws as is referred to in paragraph (j) or clause (1) of this article shall be questioned in any court.

 

12      PROTECTION FROM SLAVETY AND FORCED LABOUR

(1)     No person shall be held in slavery or servitude.

(2)     No person shall be required to perform forced labour.

(3)     For the purpose of this article, the expression “forced labour” does not include;

 

(One)         Any labour required in consequence of the sentence or order of the court.

(Two)        Labour required of any person while he is lawfully detained which, though not required in consequence of the sentence or order of the court, is reasonable necessity in the interest of hygiene or for the maintenance of the place at which he is detained.

(Three)     Any labour required of a member of the disciplined forces in pursuance of his duty as such as or in the case of a person who has conscientious objections to serve as a member of a naval, military or air force, any labour which that person is required by law to perform in place of such service;

(Four)        Any labour required during any period when Uganda is in war or in the event of any emergency or calamities which threatens the life and well-being  of the community, to the extent that the requiring of such labour is reasonably unjustifiable in the circumstances or any situation arising or existing during that period or as a result of such emergency or calamity, for the purpose of dealing with that situation; or

(Five)         Any labour reasonably required as part of reasonable and normal communal or other civic obligations.

 

13. PROTECTION FROM IN HUMAN TREATMENTS. 

(1)     No person shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading punishment or other like treatment.

(2)     Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question authorizes the infliction of any punishment that was lawful in Uganda immediately before 9th October 1962.

 

14. PROTECTION FROM DEPRIVATION OF PROPERTY

(1)     No property of any description shall be compulsory taken possession of, and no interest in or right over property of any description shall be compulsory acquired, except where the following conditions are satisfied that is to say;

(One)         The taking of possessions or acquisition is necessary to the interest of defense, public safety, public order, public morality, public health, town and country planning or the  development or utilization or of ant property in such manners as to promote the public benefit; and

(Two)        The necessity therefore is such as to afford reasonably justification for the causing of any hardship that may result to any person having an interest in or right over the property; and

(Three)     Provision is made by law applicable to that taking of possession or acquisition,

(i) for the payment of prompt and adequate compensation; and

               (ii) securing to any person having an interest in or right over the property a right of access to the high court, where direct or on appeal from any             other authority, for the determination of his interest or rights, the legality of the taking of possession or acquisition of the  property, interest of right and the amount of any compensation to which, he is entitled, and for the purpose of obtaining  payments of that compensation.

(2)     Nothing in this article shall be construed as effecting the making or operation of any law so far as it provides for the taking of possessions or acquisition of property.

(One)         in satisfaction of any tax, rate due;

(Two)        by way of penalty for breach of the law, whether under civil process or after conviction of a criminal offence under the law of Uganda.

(Three)     As an incident of a lease, tenancy mortgage, charge bill of sale, pledge or contract;

(Four)        By way of the vesting or administration of trust property, enemy property or the property of persons adjudged or otherwise declaimed bankrupt or insolvent, persons of unsound mind, deceased persons, or bodies corporate or incorporate in the course of being wound up;

(Five)         In the execution of judgements or orders of the court

(Six)             By reasons of it’s being in a dangerous state or injurious to the health of human beings, animal and plants. 

(Seven)    In consequences of any law with respect to the limitation of action, or

(Eight)      For so long only as may be necessary for the purpose of any examination, investigation, trial or inquiry or, in the case of land, the carrying out thereon;

 

(Nine)        of work of soil conservation or the conservation of other natural resources ;

(b)                 of agricultural development or improvement that the owner or occupier of the land has been required, and has, without reasonable and lawful excuse, refused or  failed to carry out, or

(c)                 of mining or prospecting operation.

 

(3)     Nothing of this article shall be constructed as affecting the making or operation of any law of compulsory taking of possession in the public interest or any property, or the compulsory acquisition in the public interest of any interest in or right over property, interest or right is held by a  body corporate established by law for public purposes in which no moneys have been invested other than moneys provided by parliament.

 

15. PROTECTION FOR PRIVACY OF HOME AND OTHER PROPERTY

(1)     Except with his own consent, no person shall be subjected to the search of his person or his property or the entry by others of his premises.

(2)     Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be in contravention of his article to the extent that the law in question makes provision.

(One)                     that is reasonable required in the interest of defense, public safety, public order, public morality, the investigation of crime, public health, town and country planning, the development and utilization of mineral resources, or the development and utilization of ant other property in such a manner as to promote the public benefit.

(Two)                    That is reasonably required for the purpose of promoting the rights or freedom of other persons

(Three)                 That authorizes an officer or agent of the Government of Uganda, the East African Common Services Organization, a local authority or body corporate established by law by the public purpose to enter on the premises of any persons in order to inspect those premises or anything thereon for the purpose of any tax, rate or due or in order to carry out work connected with any property that is lawfully on those premises and that belongs to that government, Organization, authority or body corporate, as the case may be.

(Four)                    That authorizes, for the purpose of enforcing the judgement or order of a court in any civil processing, the search of any persons or property by order of the court or entry upon any premises by such orders,

(Five)                     And except so far as that provision or, as the case may be, any thing cone under the authority thereof is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.

 

16. PROVISION TO SECURE PROTECTION OF LAW.
(1) If any person is charged with a criminal offence, then, unless the charge is with drawn, the case shall be afforded a fair hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial court established by law.

(2)Every person who is charged with a criminal offence,

(One)         Shall be presumed to be innocent until he is proved or has pleaded guilty.

(Two)        Shall be informed as soon as reasonable practicable in language that he understands the nature of the offence charged.

(Three)     Shall be given adequate time to facilitate for the preparation of his defense.

(Four)        Shall be permitted to defend himself before the court in person or, at his own expense, by a legal representative of his own choice;

(Five)         Shall be afforded facilities to examine in person or by his legal representative the witnesses called by the prosecution before the court, and to obtain the attendance and carry out the examination of witnesses to testify on his behalf before the court on the same conditions as those applying to witnesses called by the prosecution.

(Six) Shall be permitted to have without payment as assistance of an interpreter if he can not understand the language used at the trial of the charge.

(Seven)    And except with his own consent the trial shall not take place in his absence unless he so conducts himself to render the continence of the proceedings in his presence impracticable and the court has ordered him to be removed and the trial to proceed in his absence.

(3)     When a person is tried for any criminal offence, the accused person or any person authorized by him in that behalf shall, if he so requires and subject to the payment of such reasonable fee as may prescribed by law, be given within a reasonable time after judgement a copy for the use of the accused persons of any record of the proceeding made by or on the behalf of the court.

(4)     No person shall be held to be guilty of a criminal offence on account on any act or omission that did not at the time it took place, constitute such an offence, and no penalty shall be imposed for any criminal offence that is severe in degree or description that the maximum penalty that might have been imposed for that offence at the time when it was committed.

(5)     No person who shows that he has been tried by a competent court for the criminal offence and either convicted or acquitted shall again be tried for that offence or for any other criminal offence of which he could have been convicted at the trial for that offence, save upon the order of the superior court in the course of appeal or review proceedings relating to the conviction or acquittal.

(6)     No person shall be trial for a criminal offence unless that offence if he shows that he has been pardoned for that offence.

(7)     No person who is tried of a criminal offence shall be compiled to give evidence at the trial.

(8)     No person shall be convicted for a criminal offence unless that offence is defined and the penalty therefor is prescribed in a written law.

Provided that nothing in this clause shall prevent a court of record from punishing any person from contempt of its self not with standing that the act or omission constituting the contempt is not defined in a written law and the penalty thereafter is not prescribed.

(9)     Any court of other adjudicating authority prescribed by the law for determination of the existence or extent of any civil right or obligation shall be established by law and shall be independent and impartial and where proceedings for such a determination are instituted by any person before such a court or other adjudicating authority, the case shall be given a fair hearing within a reasonable time.

(10)    Except with the agreement of all the parties thereto, all proceeding of any court and proceeding for the determination of the existence for extent of any civil rights or obligation before any other adjudicating authority, including the announcement of the decision of the court or other authority, shall be held in public.

(11)   Nothing in the last foregoing clause shall prevent the court or other adjudicating  authority  from excluding  from the processing persons other than the parties thereto and there legal representative to such extent  as the court or other authority,

(One)         May consider necessary or expedient in circumstance where publicity would prejudice the interest of justice or interlocutory proceeding. Or

(Two)        May be empowered by law to do so in the interest of defense, public safety, public order, public morality, the welfare of a persons under the age of eighteen years or the protection of the private lives of persons concerned in the proceeding

 

(12)  Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of

(One)         paragraph (a) of clause (2)  of this article to the extent that the law in question  imposes upon any person  charged with a criminal offence the burden of providing particular facts

(Two)        paragraph (e) of clause (2)  of this article to the extent that the law in question imposes conditions that must be satisfied if witnesses called to testified on behalf of any accused person

         

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(10)             Except with the agreement of all the parties thereto, all proceedings of every court and proceedings for the determination of the existence or extent of any civil right or obligation before any other adjudicating authority, including the announcement of the decision of the court or other authority, shall be held in public.

 

(11)              Nothing in the last foregoing clause shall prevent the court or other adjudicating authority from excluding from the proceedings persons other than the parties thereto and their legal representatives to such extent as the court or other authority.

 

(a)                 may consider necessary or expedient in circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice or interlocutory proceedings;

 

(b)                 may be empowered by law to do so in the interests of defence, public safety, public order, public morality, the welfare of persons under the age of eighteen years or the protection of the private lives of persons concerned in the proceedings.

 

(12)              Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of,

 

(a)                 paragraph (1) of clause (2) of this article to the extent that the law in question imposes upon any person charged with a criminal offence the burden of providing particular facts;

 

(b)                 paragraph (e) of clause (2) of this article to the extent that the law in question imposes conditions that must be satisfied if witnesses called to testify on behalf on an accused person are to be paid if their expenses out of public funds;

 

(c)                 clause (5) of this article to the extent that the law in question authorizes a court to try a member of a disciplined force for a criminal offence notwithstanding any trial and conviction or acquittal of that member under the disciplinary law of theft force, but any court so trying such a ember and convicting him shall in sentencing him to any punishment take into account any punishment awarded him under the disciplinary law.

 

 

(13)         For the purposes of this article, the expression, “criminal offence” means a criminal offence under the law of Uganda; and “legal representative” mans a person entitled to practice in Uganda as an advocate.

 

 

 

 

 

17.                 PROTECTION OF FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE

 

(1)                 Except with his own consent, no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of conscience, and for the purposes of this article, the said freedom includes freedom of thought and of religion, freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others, and both in public and in private, to manifest and propagate his religion or belief in worship, teaching, practice and observance.

 

(2)                 Except with his own consent, or if he is a minor, the consent of his guardian, no person attending any place of education shall be required to receive religious instruction or to take part in or attend any religious ceremony or observance if that instruction, ceremony or observance relates to a religion other than his own.

 

(3)                 No person shall be compelled to take any oath which is contrary to his religion or belief or to take any oath in a manner which is contrary to his religion or belief.

 

(4)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to the inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision which is reasonably required,

 

(a)                 in the interests of national economy, the running of essential services, defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health.

 

(b)                 for the purpose of protecting the rights and freedoms of other persons, including the right to observe and practice any religion without the unsolicited intervention of members of any other religion.

 

 

18.                 PROTECTION OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

 

(1)                 Except with his own consent, no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of expression, that is to say, freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart ideas and information without interference, and freedom from interference with his correspondence.

 

(2)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision,

 

(a)                 that is reasonably required in the interests of national economy, the running of essential services, defence, public, safety, public order, public morality or public health; or

 

(b)                 that is reasonably required for the purpose of protecting the reputations, rights and freedoms of other persons or the private lives of persons concerned in legal proceedings, preventing the disclosure of information received in confidence, maintaining the authority and independence of the courts, or regulating telephone, telegraphy, posts, wireless broadcasting, television, public exhibitions or public entertainments; or

 

(c)                 that imposes restrictions upon public officers, and except so far as that provision or, as the case may be, the thing done under the authority thereof is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.

 

 

19.                 PROTECTION OF FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY AND ASSOCIATION

 

(1)                 Except with his own consent, no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his freedom of assembly and association, that is to say, his right to assemble freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to trade unions or other associations for the protection of his interest.

 

(2)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision,

 

(a)                 that is reasonably required in the interests of the national economy, the running of essential services, defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health; or

 

(b)                 that is reasonably required for the purpose of protecting the rights or freedoms of other persons; or

 

(c)                 that imposes restrictions upon public officers or

 

(d)                 that imposes such restrictions as are set out in paragraph (j0 of clause (1) or article 11; or

 

(e)                 for the regulation of industrial or labour disputes; or

 

(f)                  for the proper management of trade unions and co-operative societies or associations; or

 

(g)                 for the regulation and control of the formation, management and operation of political parties.

 

20.                 PROTECTION OF FREEDOM OF CULTURAL ASSOCIATION

 

(1)                 No persons hall be deprived of his freedom to pay any allegiance to a constitutional Traditional Leader or to support any constitutional Leader or traditional institution or a traditional or cultural practice.

 

(2)                 No person shall be forced to pay any allegiance to a Constitutional Traditional Leader or any traditional  institution or cultural practice.

 

 

21.                 PROTECTION OF FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

 

(1)                 No person shall be deprived of his freedom of movement, and for the purposes of this article and said freedom means the right to move freely throughout Uganda, the right to enter Uganda and immunity from expulsion from Uganda.

 

(2)                 Any restriction on a person’s freedom of movement that is involved in such detention or restriction as may be authorised by law as mentioned in article 11 shall not be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this Article.

 

(3)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision,

 

(a)                 for the imposition of restrictions, by order of a court, that are reasonably required in the interests of defence, public safety or public order on the movement or residence within Uganda of any person;

 

(b)                 for the imposition of restrictions by order of a court, on the movements or residence within Uganda of any person either in consequence of his having been found guilty of a criminal offence under the law of Uganda or for the purpose of ensuring that he appears before a court at a later date for trial of such criminal offence or for proceedings preliminary to trial or for proceedings relating to his extradition or other lawful removal from Uganda;

 

(c)                 for the imposition of restrictions that are reasonably required in the interests of national economy, the running of essential services, defence, public safety, public order, public morality or public health on the movement or residence within Uganda of any persons generally, or any class or persons, and accept so far as that provision or, as the case may be, the thing done under the authority thereof is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in a democratic society;

 

(d)                 for the imposition of restrictions on the freedom of movement of any person who is no a citizen of Uganda;

 

(e)                 for the imposition of restrictions on the acquisition or use by any person of land or other property in Uganda;

 

(f)                  for the imposition of restriction upon the movement or residence within Uganda or public officers; or

 

(g)                 for the removal of a person from Uganda to be tried outside Uganda for a criminal offence or to undergo imprisonment in some other country in execution of the sentence of a court in respect of a criminal offence under the law or Uganda or which he has been convicted.

 

(4)                 If any person whose freedom of movement has been restricted by the order of a court by virtue of such a provision as is referred to in paragraph (a) of clause (3) of this article so requests at any time during the period of that restriction not earlier than six months after the order was made or six months after he last made such request, as the case may be his case shall be reviewed by that court or, if so provided by law, by an independent and impartial tribunal presided over by a person appointed by the chief Justice.

 

(5)                 On any review by a court or a tribunal pursuance of clause (4) of this article of the case of any person whose freedom o movement has been restricted, the court of tribunal may, subject to the provisions of any law, make such order for the continuation or termination of the restriction as it may consider necessary or expedient.

 

22.                 PROTECTION FROM DISCRIMINATION ON GROUNDS OF RATE ETC.

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of clauses (2), (50 and (7) of this article, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.

 

(2)                 Subject to the provisions of clauses (6), (7) and (3) of this article, no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.

 

(3)                 For the purposes of this article, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, place or origin, political opinion, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.

 

(4)                 Clause (1) of this article shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision,

 

(a)                 for the appropriation of public revenues or other public funds; or

 

(b)                 with respect to persons who are not citizens of Uganda; or       

 

(c)                 with respect to citizenship of Uganda in accordance with article 5; or

 

(d)                 with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution or property on death or other matters of personal law; or

 

(e)                 for the application in the case of members of a particular race or tribe of customary law with respect to any matter to the exclusion of any law with respect to that matter which is applicable in the case of other persons; or

 

(f)                  for the imposition of restriction on the acquisition or use by any person of land or other property in Uganda; or

 

(g)                 whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in clause (3) of this article may be subjected to any disability of restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage which, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society; or

 

(h)                 for the employment of a proportion of African citizens of Uganda in any trade, business, profession or occupation.

 

(5)                 Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of clause (1) of this article to the extent that it makes provision with respect to qualifications for service as a public officer or as a member of a disciplined force or for the service of a local authority or a body corporate established directly by any law.

 

(6)                 Clause (2) of this article shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in clause (4) or (5) of this article.

 

(7)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in clause (3) of this article may be subjected to any action or restriction authorise by law in accordance with clause (1) of article 11, clause (2) of article 15, clause (4) of article 17, clause (2) of article 18, clause (2) of article 19, or clause (2) or (3) of article 21, as the case may be.

 

(8)                 Nothing in clause (2) o this article shall affect any discretion relating to the institution, conduct, or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by or under this Constitution or any other law.

 

23.                 PROVISIONS FOR TIMES OF WAR OR PUBLIC EMERGENCY

 

(1)                 The President acting in accordance with the advice of the cabinet may at any time, by proclamation published in the Gazette, declare that a state of public emergency exists in Uganda or any part thereof.

 

(2)                 A declaration of a state of public emergency under the provisions of this article, if not sooner revoked, shall cease to have effect,

 

(a)                 in the case of a declaration made when parliament is sitting or has been summoned to meet within fourteen days, at the expiration of a period of fourteen days beginning with the date f publication of the declaration;

 

(b)                 in any other case, at the expiration of a period of thirty days beginning with the date of publication of the declaration.

 

Unless, before the expiration of that period the declaration of a state of public emergency is approved by a solution passed in that behalf by not less than one-half of all the members of the parliament.

 

(3)                 Subject to the provisions of clause (4) of this article, a declaration of a state of public emergency approved by resolution of Parliament  under the provisions of clause (2) or this Article shall continue in force until the expiration of a period of six months beginning with the date of its being so approved or until such earlier  date as may be specified in the resolution;

 

(4)                 Parliament may by resolution passed by a majority of the members of Parliament at any time revoke a declaration of a state of public emergency approved by Parliament under the provisions of this article.

 

(5)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of an Act of Parliament shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of article 11, 16, and 21 or 22 of this Constitution to the extent that the Act authorises the taking during any period when Uganda is at war or any period when a declaration of a state of public emergency under this article I in force, of measures that are necessary of the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that period:

 

Provided that the provisions of this clause shall not apply in relation to anything contained in or done under the authority of any instrument having the fore of law that is made under th provisions of an Act of Parliament, during a period when a declaration of a state of public emergency is in force by virtue of a resolution of Parliament has, by a like resolution, affirmed that that instrument shall have effect during that period.

 

(6)                 Where a person is detained by virtue of such law as is referred to in clause (5) of this article the following provisions shall apply, that is to say,

 

(a)                 he shall, as soon as reasonably practicable in any case not more than two months after the commencement of his detention, be furnished with a statement in writing in a language that he understands specifying the grounds upon which he is detained;

 

(b)                 not more than twenty-eight days after the commencement of his detention a notification shall be published in the Gazette stating that he has been detained and giving particulars of the provision of law under which his detention is authorised;

 

(c)                 not more than three months after the commencement of his detention and thereafter during his detention at intervals of not more than six months, his case shall be reviewed by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law and presided over by a person appointed by the Chief Justice;

 

(d)                 he shall be afforded reasonable facilities to consult, a his own expense, a legal representative of his own choice who shall be permitted to make representations to the tribunal appointed for the review of the case of the detained person;

 

(e)                 at the hearing of his case by the tribunal appointed for the review of his case he shall be permitted to appear in person or, at his own expense, by a legal representative of his own choice.

 

(7)                 On any review by a tribunal in pursuance of this article of the case of a detained person, the tribunal may make recommendations concerning the necessity or expediency of continuing his detention or the modification of any conditions attendant thereto on any grounds including ill-health and good behaviour, to the authority by which it was ordered but, unless it is otherwise provided by law, that authority shall not be obliged to act in accordance with any such recommendations.

 

(8)                 The Minister shall every three months publish in the Gazette the total number of persons detained by virtue of such a law as is referred to in clause (5) of this article.

 

(9)                 For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that for the  purposes of this article and for any law made pursuant thereto the expression “detention” means  detention under an order of the Minister.

 

24.                 PROVISIONS FOR A STATE OF INSURGENCY

 

(1)                 The President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet may at any time, by proclamation published in the Gazette declare that a state of insurgency exists in Uganda or any part thereof.

 

(2)                 A declaration of a state of insurgency made under this Article shall remain in force for a period of six months from the date of its publication unless, before the expiration of that period the declaration is approved by resolution of not less than one half of all the members of the legislature.

 

(3)                 A declaration of a state of insurgency approved by resolution of the legislature under the provision of clause (2) of this Article, shall remain in force for a period of six months from the date of approval, or until such earlier date as may be specified in the resolution.

 

(4)                 The Legislature may at any time after approving a declaration of a state of insurgency, extend its approval for periods of not more than six months at a time, or revoke the declaration.

 

(5)                 Nothing contained in or done under the authority of enactment of the Legislature shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of Article 11, 16, 21 and 22 of this Constitution to the extent that the enactment authorises the taking, during any period when a declaration of a state of insurgency under this Article is in force, of measures that are necessary for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that period.

 

(6)                 For the purposes of this Article, the expression “insurgency” means open and active revolt against the Government of Uganda or its organs.

 

25.                 ENFORCEMENT OF PROTECTIVE PROVISIONS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of clause (50 of this article, if any person alleges that any of the provisions of article 8 to 20 inclusive has been, is being is likely to be contravened in relation to him, then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter that is lawfully available, that person may apply to the High court for redress.

 

(2)                 The High Court shall have original jurisdiction to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of clause (1) of this article, and may make such orders, issues such writes and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing, r securing the enforcement of, any of the provisions of the said article 9 to 22 inclusive to the protection of which the person concerned is entitled:

 

Provided that the High Court shall not exercise its powers under this clause if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.

 

26.                 INTERPRETATION AND SAVINGS

 

(1)                 In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,

 

“African” means a person who is a member of an indigenous African tribe or community of Uganda or a body corporate or unincorporate entirely composed of such persons;

 

“Contravention” in relation to any requirement, include a failure to comply with that requirement, and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly;

 

“Court” means any court of law in Uganda, other than a court established by a disciplinary law, the Supreme court and in articles 11 and 12 a court established by disciplinary law;

 

disciplinary law” means a law regulating the discipline,

 

(a)                 of any disciplined force; or

 

(b)                 of persons serving prison sentences;

 

disciplined force” means

 

(a)                 a naval, military or air force;

 

(b)                 the Ugandan Police force;

 

(c)                 a police force established by law; enacted by Parliament;

 

(d)                 the Uganda Prisons Service;

 

member”, in relation to a disciplined force, included any person who, under the law regulating the discipline of that force, is subject to that discipline.

 

(2)                 References in this Chapter to public officers include references to officers and employees in the service of the East African common Services Organization

 

(3)                 In relation to any person who is a member of a disciplined force raised under any law in force in Uganda, nothing contained in or done under the authority of the disciplinary law of that force shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of any of the provisions of this Chapter other than articles 11, 12 and 13.

 

(4)                 In relation to any person who is a member of a disciplined force raised otherwise than as aforesaid and lawfully present in Uganda, nothing contained in or done under the authority of the disciplinary law of that force shall beheld to be inconsistent with or in contravention of any of the provisions of this Chapter.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER IV

 

THE EXECUTIVE

 

Part 1 The President and Vice President

 

27.                 PRESIDENT OF UGANDA

 

(1)                 There shall be a President of Uganda who shall be the Head of State, Head of government and Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Uganda.

 

(2)                 Except as is provided in clause (1) of this article, the President shall not hold any other office of profit.

 

(3)                 Subject to the Article 129, the President shall take precedence over all persons in Uganda and shall not be liable to any proceedings whatsoever in any court during the time he is in office.

 

(4)                 The President shall be exempt from direct personal taxation.

 

(5)                 The President shall receive such salary, allowances and gratuity on retirement from office such pension or other allowances, as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

(6)                 The salary, allowances and gratuity payable to the President and any pension or other allowances payable to him on retirement are hereby charged upon the Consolidated Fund.

 

(7)                 For the purpose of this article the expression “retirement” includes resignation.

 

28.                 QUALIFICATION FOR THE PRESIDENT

 

A person shall be qualified to be the President and shall not be so qualified unless:

 

(1)            he is a citizen of Uganda, both whose parents are Uganda Africans.

 

(2)     he has attained the age of forty five years. (14).

 

(3)     He is supported by at least 40% of RC 3, or its equivalent, of the entire Country. 15

 

29.                 ELECTION OF PRESIDENT

 

The President shall be directly elected through universal adult suffrage on a non-partisan basis at least one month before the election of members of Parliament (16).           

 

30.                 DETERMINATION OF QUESTIONS AS TO ELECTION OF PRESIDENT

 

(1)                 For the purposes of article 29 of this Constitution the High Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine any question whether the President was validly elected.

 

(2)                 Parliament may make provision with respect to,

 

(a)                 the persons who may apply to the High Court for determination of any question under this article;

 

(b)                 the circumstances and manner in which and the conditions upon which any such application may be made; and

 

(c)                 the powers, practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to any such application.

 

31.                 OATH TO BE TAKEN BY PRESIDENT

 

Before  assuming office of the President shall take and subscribe the oath of allegiance and such other oath, if any, as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

32.                 ASSUMPTION AND TENURE OF THE PRESIDENT

 

(1)                 A person who is elected President shall assume the office of  President within twenty four hours of election.

 

(2)                 Subject to the provisions of their Constitution, a person shall hold office as President for a term of five years beginning with the day on which he takes and subscribes the oath of allegiance in accordance with the provisions of articles 31 of this Constitution.

 

(3)                 Where a person assumes the office of President by virtue of article 29 of this Constitution, he shall hold office for a period of five years but shall exceed two terms 17.

 

(4)                 Where a person assumes the office of President otherwise than after a general election, he shall hold office for the remainder of the unexpired term of the person whom he succeeds as President.

 

(5)                 The President may, at any time by writing under his hand addressed to the Chief Justice, resign the office of President.

33.                 REMOVAL AND IMPEACHMENT OF THE PRESIDENT

 

1.                    If the Cabinet resoles upon a motion proposed by any member thereof and supported by the votes of a majority of all the members of the Cabinet that the question of the mental or physical capacity of the President to discharge the functions of his office ought to be investigated and so informs the Chief Justice, then,

 

(a)                 the Chief Justice shall appoint a board consisting of five persons who are qualified medial practitioners under the law of Uganda or of any other country and who have  been so qualified for not less than five years; and

 

(b)                 the board shall inquire  into the matter and shall make a report to the Chief Justice stating the opinion of the board whether or not the President is, by reason of any infirmity of body or mind, incapable of discharging the functions of his office.

 

2.                    Where a resolution is passed by the Cabinet under clause (1) of this article, the President shall, until another person assumes the office of President or the board appointed in pursuance of that clause reports that the President is not incapable of discharging the functions of his office whichever is the earlier, cease to perform the functions of his office.

 

3.                    If the board appointed under this article reports that the President is incapable of discharging the functions of the office of President, the chief Justice shall certify in writing accordingly and shall submit the report together with his certificate to the Cabinet.

 

4.                    The Cabinet shall inform the President of the contents of the report submitted under the immediately preceding clause and unless the President resigns, he may be removed from office by the Parliament upon a resolution in that behalf or if Parliament is dissolved, by the Cabinet in like manner.

 

5.                    For the purposes of paragraph (b) of clause (1) of this article the opinion of the majority of all the members of the board shall be the opinion of the board.

 

6.                    (a)           The President may be impeached by two-thirds of Parliament if:

 

(i)                   he commits a grave mismeanour;

(ii)                 he breaches any of the provisions of Chapter III of this Constitution.

 

(b)           Impeachment shall be by two-thirds majority of Parliament and two-thirds majority in at least eight of the fourteen states.

 

7.                    When the President is impeached and ---- of office has expired, he shall forthwith cease to be President.

 

8.                    If the person referred to above refuses to leave office, then any citizen of Uganda shall be empowered by this Constitution to effect the removal of such person using all means available to the citizens.

 

VICE PRESIDENT

 

(1)                 There shall be a Vice-President of Uganda who shall be the running-mate of the winning Presidential candidate as under article 29 of this Constitution.

 

(2)                 A prospective Presidential candidate shall declare his own running mate.

 

(3)                 The running mate of a Presidential candidate shall  be possessed of the qualifications prescribed in article 28 (1) and (2) for this Constitution.

 

(4)                 The Vice-President shall on entering upon the duties of his office take and subscribe the oath of allegiance and such other oath or the execution of his office as may be prescribed by Parliament if he has not already taken any oath.

 

(5)                 The Vice-President shall receive such salary, allowances and gratuity and on retirement from office such pension or other allowances, as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

(6)                 The salary, allowances and gratuity payable to the Vice-President and any pension or other allowances payable to him on retirement are hereby charged upon the Consolidated Fund.

 

(7)                 In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his oath, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers ad duties of the said office, the same shall vest in the Vice-President for the un expired term of the President.

 

(8)                 For the purposes of this article the expression, “retirement” includes resignation and cessation to hold office for any cause.

 

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

MINISTERS AND THE CABINET

 

35            (1)           The President may appoint a Prime Minster, Ministers, Ministers

of  State or Deputy Ministers and may assign them such duties as deems fit.

 

Provided that where the appointment of a Prime Minister, Ministers of State or Deputy Minister is made from among the members of Parliament of Federal State Council the person to be appointed shall resign his seat in Parliament or the Federal State Council as the case may be. 21

 

(2)           All ministerial appointments shall first be approved by Parliament and no person shall execute the office of a Minister until his appointment has been so approved. 22

 

(3)                 The office of a Prime Minsiter, Minister of State or Deputy Minister appointed under this Article shall become vacant.

 

(a)                 if a new President assumes office;

 

(b)                 if the holder of the office resigns;

 

(c)                 if the President so directs.

 

36.                 FUNCTIONS OF MINISTERS, MINISTERS O STATE AND DEPUTY MINISTERS

 

(1)                 A Minister shall be responsible for such  functions of the Government of Uganda including responsibility for any implement the policy of the Government of Uganda in the  performance of this function the Cabinet shall be collectively responsible to Parliament.

 

40.                 MEETINGS OF CABINET

 

(1)                 The Cabinet shall be summoned by the President or in this absence by the Vice-President.

 

(2)                 The President shall so far as is practicable attend and preside  at all meeting of the Cabinet such Minister as the President shall in writing appoint shall preside at the meeting of the Cabinet. And in the absence of the President the Vice-President shall preside.

 

(3)                 If for any cause the President and the Vice President are unable to a--- any meetings of the Cabinet. Such Minister as the President shall in writing appoint shall preside at the meeting of the cabinet.

 

PART III

 

FEDERAL STATE GOVERNMENTS

 

41.           (1)           There shall be a Government in each state headed by a Governor or such

other name as each Federal State shall deem fit.

 

(2)                 Elections for the office of Governor shall be by the RC system, provided the C IV Councils of each State shall constitute themselves into an electoral college.

 

(3)                 There shall be a Federal State Cabinet of Ministers in each Federal State, which shall not exceed 17 people, consisting of the Governor and such other ministers as may be appointed to the State Cabinet by the Governor.

 

42.           COMPOSITION OF PARLIAMENT

 

(1)                 Parliament shall consist of the following categories of members

 

(a)           (i)            Not more than 155 elected members unless Parliament

otherwise resolves;

 

(ii)                 These shall be elected from various Districts in proportion to the population of each District provided no District shall have less than one elected member.

 

(b)           (i)            ten (10) Presidential nominees; and

 

(ii)                 the President shall fill any vacancy amongst such department of the Government as the President may by directions in writing assign to him.

 

(2)                 Where any Minister has been charged with responsibility for any department of the Government of Uganda he shall be responsible for the administration of that department and in the control of that department and in the discharge of his functions under this article, he shall be responsible to the Cabinet.

 

(3)                 A Minister of state or deputy Minster shall assist such Minister as the President may specify in the performance of that Ministers functions under this article.

 

37.                 ATTORNEY GENERAL

 

(1)          There shall be an Attorney General who shall be the principal legal

adviser to the Government of Uganda, appointed by the President on approval of Parliament.

 

(2)           Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the Attorney General

      shall represent Uganda in all legal proceedings and shall on behalf

      of Uganda exercise or perform any of her rights, prerogatives,

      privileges or functions before any court.

 

                                (3)           The office of the Attorney General shall become vacant:-

 

(a)                 if a new President assumes office;

 

(b)                 if the holder of the office resigns;

 

(c)                 upon the assumption of any person to the office of President; or

 

(d)                 if the President so directs.

 

38.                 OATHS TO BE TAKEN MINISTERS etc

 

A Minister shall not enter upon the duties of his office unless he has taken and subscribed the oath of allegiance and such oath for the late execution of his office as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

CABINET

 

(1)                 There shall be a Cabinet of Ministers which shall not exceed 17 people consisting of the President, the Vice President, Prime Minister if any and such other Ministers as may be appointed to the Cabinet by the President.

 

(2)                 The number of Ministers may be increased if Parliament does so resolve.

 

(3)                 The functions of the Cabinet shall be to formulate and  Presidential nominees however caused.

 

(c)           (i)            ten (10) members of the National Resistance Army

appointed by the National Resistance Army Council.

 

(ii)                 the nomination of the said members of the National resistance Army shall take place as soon as possible after the election of the President; and shall be done by the National resistance Army council.

 

(iii)                On losing membership of the National Resistance Army for member shall cease to be a member of the Parliament.

 

(iv)               The National resistance Army Council shall have the power to fill any vacancy caused for any reason whatsoever amongst the said nominated members of the Army.

 

(d)                 Women representatives from each District depending on the population provided that no District shall be represented by less than one (1) woman representative nor more than three (3).

 

43.                 FEDERAL STATE COUNCILS AND SUB-STATE COUNCILS

 

(a)                 There shall be a legislature in each federal State to be known as a Federal State Council which shall be composed of representatives from the counties making up the State.

 

(b)                 Elections to the Federal State Councils shall be through direct adult universal suffrage on a non-partisan basis.

 

Provided nothing in this article shall prevent a Federal State from adopting an election system of its own.

 

(c)                 The State Council shall in addition to the country representatives stated above consist of five (50 special nominees appointed by the State Governor.

 

44.           QUALIFICATIONS FOR MEMBERSHIP OF PARLIAMENT

 

Subject to the provisions of article 5 of this Constitution, a person shall be qualified to be a member of the Parliament if, and shall not be so qualified unless,

 

(a)                 he is, a citizen of Uganda who has attained the age of twenty-one years;

 

(b)                 he is able to speak and unless incapacitated by blindness or other physical cause, to read the official  language well enough to take an active part in the proceedings of Parliament and;

 

(c)                 he is a registered voter.

 

 

 

 

45.           DISQUALIFICATIONS FOR  MEMBERSHIP OF PARLIAMENT

 

                No person shall be qualified to be a member of Parliament while he;

 

(a)                 is the President or Vice President;

 

(b)                 is a member of a District or Municipal Council;

 

(c)                 is Minister;

 

(d)                 had made a declaration of allegiance to a country other than Uganda;

 

(e)                 has been adjudged or otherwise declared bankrupt under any law in force in Uganda and has not been discharged;

 

(f)                  is adjudged or otherwise declared to be of unsound mind under any law in force in Uganda;

 

(g)                 is a civil servant;

 

(h)                 is the Inspector General of Police;

 

(i)                   is the Inspector General of Government or his Deputy;

 

(j)                   is the Auditor General;

 

(k)                 a Judge or Magistrate;

 

(l)                   is under sentence of death imposed on him by any court in Uganda or under sentence of imprisonment, by whatever name called, exceeding six months imposed on him by such a court or substituted by competent authority for some other sentence imposed on him by such a court, or

 

(m)                has, within the preceding six years, served a sentence if imprisonment by whatever name called of six months or more imposed on him by court in Uganda, other than tribunals set up by the Military regime of substituted by competent authority for some other sentence imposed on him by such  court having been convicted of an offence involving moral turpitude.

 

(2)           Parliament may provide that a person who is the holder of any office the function of which involves;

 

(a)                 any responsibility for, or in connection with the conduct of any election to Parliament; or

 

(b)                 any responsibility for the compilation or revision of any register of voters for elections to Parliament, shall not be qualified to be a member of Parliament.

 

 

(3)           Parliament may provide that a person shall not be qualified to be a member of Parliament for such period, not exceeding five years, as may be prescribed if he is convicted of any such offence connected with elections to Parliament as may be prescribed or he is expelled from the Parliament after having been found guilty of contempt of Parliament by a committee of Parliament.

 

(4)           Parliament may provide that, subject to article 45 and of such exceptions and limitations if any as may be prescribed a person shall be disqualified for nomination for elections to Parliament or be disqualified for membership of Parliament by virtue of Parliament by virtue of;

 

(a)                 his holding or acting in any office or appointment that may be prescribed;

 

(b)                 his belonging to any disciplined force

 

(5)           For purposes of this article:

 

(a)                 two or more sentences of imprisonment that are required to be served consecutively shall be regarded as separate sentences if none of those sentences exceeds six months, and if any one of such sentences exceeds that term they shall be regarded as one sentence, and

 

(b)                 no account shall be taken of a sentence of imprisonment imposed as an alternative to or in default of the payment of a fine.

 

(6)                 Parliament may prescribe any other disqualifications other than those specifically referred to in this article.

 

(7)                 In this article “disciplined force” as the same meaning as in Chapter III of the Constitution.

 

46.                 SPEAKER AND DEPUTY SPEAKER

 

(1)                 A person shall be qualified to be the Speaker and shall not be so qualified unless he has attained a University degree in Law and a diploma in Legal Practice.

 

(2)                 A Speaker may be elected from within members of Parliament or outside it.

 

(3)                 A Prime Minister, the Attorney General, Minister of State or a Deputy Minister or any person referred to in article 45 shall not be qualified to be elected as Speaker.

 

(4)                 The Speaker shall vacate his office,

 

(a)                 If, having been elected from among the members of Parliament, he ceases to be a member of  Parliament.

 

(b)                 if any circumstances arise that, if he were no Speaker, would disqualify him for election as such;

 

(c)                 if he resigns his office;

 

(d)                 if a petition for his removal is addressed to the President by members of Parliament and is signed by not less than two-thirds of all the members of Parliament; or

 

(e)                 when Parliament first meets after any dissolution of Parliament.

 

No business shall be transacted in Parliament other than an election to the office of Speaker, at any time when the office of the Speaker is vacant.

 

47.           DEPUTY SPEAKER

 

(1)                 There shall be a deputy Speaker of Parliament who shall be elected by the members of Parliament from among persons who are members of Parliament.

 

(2)                 The members of Parliament shall elect a person to the office of Deputy Speaker when Parliament first meets after any dissolution of Parliament and if the office becomes vacant otherwise than by reason of a dissolution of Parliament, at the first sitting of Parliament after the office becomes vacant or as soon as is convenient thereafter.

 

(3)                 The Deputy Speaker shall vacate his office,

 

(a)                 if he ceases to be a member of Parliament;

 

(b)                 if he becomes a Prime Minister, Minister, Minister of State, the Attorney General or Deputy Minister;

 

(c)                 if he resigns his office, or

 

(d)                 if a petition for his removal is addressed to the President by members of Parliament and is singed by not less than two-thirds of all the members of Parliament.

 

48.           ELECTION OF ELECTED MEMBERS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this article; the elected members of Parliament shall be directly elected in such manner as may be prescribed by Parliament to represent.

 

(2)                 Elections for Parliament shall be held not less than 30 but not more than 45 days after the Presidential Elections.

 

(3)                 Candidates shall be free to be independent or after a period of 5 (five) years from the coming into force of this Constitution to stand under the names of Political Parties of their choice.

 

(4)                 For avoidance of any doubt, any runner or runner-up in the Presidential elections shall be free to stand for election to Parliament.

 

(5)                 The registration of voters for the purposes of elections of elected members of Parliament conduct of direct elections of these members shall be subject to the direction and control of the Electoral Commission.

 

49.                 ELECTIONS OF STATE COUNCILS

 

Elections of the Federal State Legislative Council and the Councils below it, shall be through direct adult universal suffrage on a non partisan basis, but may be of any other system a given Federal State may find suitable for itself.

 

50.                 QUALIFICATIONS OF VOTERS

 

A person who,

 

(a)                 is a citizen of Uganda; and

 

(b)                 has attained the age of eighteen years, shall, unless he is disqualified for registration as a voter under any law, be entitled, upon his making application in that behalf at such time and is such manner as may be prescribed by Parliament, to be registered as Voter for the purposes of elections of elected members of Parliament.

 

 

 

 

51.           ELECTORAL COMMISSION

 

(1)                 There shall be an Electoral Commission, which shall consist of a Chairman and not less than two other members appointed by the President on approval of Parliament.

 

52.           ELECTORAL COMMISSION

               

(1)                 There shall be an Electoral Commission, which shall consist of a Chairman and not less than two other members appointed by the President on approval of Parliament.

 

(2)                 A person shall, not be qualified to hold the office of a member of the Electoral Commission if he is a member of Parliament or of Federal State Council, District or Municipal Council or is a public officer.

 

(3)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, a member of the Electoral Commission shall vacate his office,

 

(a)                 at the expiration of four years from the date of his appointment, or

 

(b)                 if any circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of the commission would cause him to be disqualified for appointments as such or

 

(c)                 if he resigns his office.

 

 

(4)                 A member of the Electoral Commission may be removed from office by the President but he may be removed only for inability to discharge the functions of his office, whether arising from infirmity of mind or body or any other cause, or for misbehaviour.

 

52.           CONSTITUENCIES

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of article 42 (1) (a) Uganda shall be divided into as many constituencies as there are elected members of parliament in such manner as the Electoral Commission, acting with the approval  of Parliament signified by resolution, may prescribe.

 

(2)                 The boundaries of each constituency shall be such that the number of inhabitants thereof is as nearly equal to the population quota as is reasonably practicable:

 

(3)                 The Electoral Commission shall review the division of Uganda into constituencies at intervals of not less than five and not more than ten years and may alter the constituencies in accordance with the provisions of this article to such extent as it may consider desirable in the light of the review.

 

(4)                 The Commission shall carry out the review and, in accordance with the provisions of this article, alter the constituencies wherever Parliament has made provision altering the number of elected members of Parliament; and, in addition, the Commission may at any time carry out such a review and alter the constituencies in accordance with the provisions of this article to such extent as it considers necessary by reason of the holding of a census of the population of Uganda.

 

(5)                 Where the boundaries of any constituency established under this article are altered, the alteration shall come into effect upon the next dissolution of Parliament.

 

(6)                 For the purpose of article, the expression “population quota”  means the number obtained by dividing the number of inhabitants of Uganda by the number of constituencies into which Uganda is divided under Article 42 (1) (a).

 

54. (1)     The Presidential nominees shall be nominated before or during the first meeting of parliament after any dissolution of Parliament.

 

(1)                 Every member of parliament shall vacate his seat upon dissolution of parliament.

 

(2)                 Every member of parliament shall vacate his seat in parliament if he is appointed Prime Minister, Minister of State of Deputy Minster by the President under article 35 (1) of this Constitution and upon such vacation a by-election will be called to fill the vacant seat.

 

(3)                 A member of Parliament shall vacate his seat in Parliament.

 

(a)                 if he ceases to be a citizen of Uganda;

 

(b)                 if he is absent from the sittings of Parliament for such period and in such circumstances as may be prescribed in the rules of procedure of Parliament; or

 

(c)                 if he is recalled by the electors

 

(d)                 if in case of multi-party system he changes his party;

 

(e)                 subject to the provisions of clause (3) of this article, if nay circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of Parliament; would cause him to be disqualified for election as such under clause (1), (3) or (4) of article 45.

 

 

(4)                 Parliament may, in order to permit a member of Parliament who has been adjudged or declared bankrupt or of unsound mind or sentenced to death or imprisonment to appeal against the decision, provided that, subject to such conditions as may be prescribed, the decisions hall not have effect for the purpose of this article until such time a may be prescribed.

 

55.                 DETERMINATION OF QUESTIONS TO MEMBERSHIP OF PARLIAMENT

 

(1)                 The High Court shall have jurisdiction to hear an determine any question whether;

 

(a)                 any person has been validly elected as a member of Parliament or the seat of any member has become vacant;

 

(b)                 any person has been validly elected as Speaker of Parliament or having been so elected, had vacated the office of Speaker.

 

(2)                 Parliament may make provision with respect to,

 

(a)                 the persons who may apply to the High Court for the determination of any question under this article;

 

(b)                 the circumstances and manner in which and the conditions upon which any such application may be made; and

 

(c)                 the powers, practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to any such application.

 

(3)                 The determination by the High Court of my question – this article shall bit be subject to appeal.

 

56.                 CLERK TO PARLIAMENT AND HIS STAFF

 

(1)                 There shall be a Clerk to Parliament

 

(2)                 Unless Parliament otherwise provides, the office of the Clerk to Parliament and the offices of the members of his staff shall be public offices.

 

 

 

 

PART  II

 

PROCEDURE IN PARLIAMENT

 

57.                 OATHS TO BE TAKEN BY MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT

 

Every member of Parliament shall, upon taking his seat

 

(1)                 therein, take and subscribed before Parliament the oath of allegiance but a member may before taking that oath take part in the election of a Speaker.

 

(2)                 Any person elected to the office of Speaker who is such a member of Parliament shall, before entering upon the duties of his office, take and subscribe the oath of allegiance before Parliament.

 

 

58.                 PRESIDING IN PARLIAMENT

 

There shall preside at any sitting of Parliament,

 

(a)                 the Speaker, or

 

(b)                 in the absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker; or

 

(c)                 in the absence of the Speaker of the Deputy Speaker, such member of Parliament not being a Minister, the Attorney General or a Deputy Minister, as Parliament may elect for that purpose.

 

59.                 QUORUM IN PARLIAMENT

 

If objection is taken by any member of Parliament present that there are present in Parliament besides the person presiding less than one third of all members of parliament and, after such interval as may be prescribed in the rules of procedure of Parliament, the persons presiding ascertains that the number of members present is till less than one-third, he shall thereupon adjourn Parliament.

 

60.                 VOTING IN PARLIAMENT

 

(1)                 Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, any question proposed for decision in Parliament shall be determined by a majority of the votes of the members present and voting.

 

(2)                 The person presiding in Parliament shall have neither an original nor a casting vote and if upon any question before Parliament the votes are equally divided the motion shall be lost.

 

(3)                 The rules of procedure of parliament may make provision under which a member who votes upon a question in which  he has a direct pecuniary interest shall be deemed not to have voted.

 

61.                 UNQUALIFIED PERSON SITTING OR VOTING

 

Any person who sits or votes in Parliament knowing or having reasonable grounds for knowing that he is not entitled to do so, commits an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding ten thousand shillings or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding one year for each day on which he so sits or votes in Parliament.

 

PROVIDED:

 

(a)                 that the President or, on his instruction the Vice President, may address Parliament anytime.

 

(b)                 A Prime Minister, Minister of State or Deputy Minister who is introducing a Bill shall be entitled to sit in parliament, for the duration of the debate on that bill, and shall be entitled to present it as well s to defend it.

 

62.                 MODE OF EXERCISING LEGISLATIVE POWER

 

(1)                 The power of Parliament to make laws shall be exercised by bills passed by Parliament and assented to by the President.

 

(2)                 When a bill passed by Parliament and certified, if necessary as required by Article 4, is presented to the President for assent, he shall signify that he assents to the bill.

 

(3)                 Without prejudice to the power of parliament to postpone the operation of any law or to make laws with retrospective effect, a bill shall not become law until it has been duly assented to in accordance with this Constitution.

 

63.                 The President shall have no power to veto any Bill presented to him for assenting if he thinks its not in the National interest. Provided that where the President vetos a bill and it is re-passed by a two-thirds majority of all members of parliament and he fails to assent to it within 10 days it shall automatically become law and shall have the same effect as it is were assented to by the President.

 

64.                 REGULATION OF PROCEDURE IN PARLIAMENT

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may regulate its own procedure including the conduct of the members of Parliament.

 

(2)                 Parliament may act notwithstanding any vacancy in its membership, including any vacancy not filled with the Assembly first meets after any dissolution of Parliament, and the presence or participation of any person not entitled to be present or to participate in the proceedings of Parliament shall not invalidate those proceedings.

 

PART III

 

SUMMONING, PROROGATION AND DISSOLUTION

 

65.                 SESSION OF PARLIAMENT

 

(1)                 Each session of Parliament shall be held at such a place within Uganda and shall commence at such time as the Speaker of Parliament may appoint.

 

(2)                 There shall be a session of Parliament at least once in every year so that a period of twelve months shall not intervene between the last sitting of Parliament and the first sitting thereof in the next session.

 

(3)                 Subject to the provisions of clause (2) of Article 66 whenever Parliament is dissolved, a general election of members of Parliament shall be held at least 45 days after the date of the dissolution and a session of parliament shall be appointed to commence within thirty days of that date.

 

(4)                 If, after a dissolution and before the holding of the general election of members of Parliament, the President considers that, owing to the existence of State of war or of a State of emergency in Uganda or any part thereof, it is necessary to recall Parliament, the President may require the Speaker to summon the parliament that has been dissolved to meet.

 

66.           (1)           The Speaker may at any time prorogue Parliament.

 

(2)           Parliament shall only be dissolved by the President at the expiration of the term of office of the elected members of Parliament.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER VI

 

67.           LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE POWERS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and more particularly clauses (2,) (3) and (4) hereof, Parliament shall have power to make laws for the peace, order and good government and the Federal State Council of a state may make laws for the whole or any part of the Federal State.

 

(2)                 Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), of this article Parliament shall have exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in Schedule II of this constitution referred to as the “Central Government List”.

 

(3)                 Notwithstanding any thing in clauses (1) and (2) of this article, Parliament and the State Council of any Federal State shall have power to make laws with respect to any to the matters enumerated in schedule III of this Constitution referred to as the “Concurrent List”

 

(4)                 Notwithstanding anything in clauses (1), (2) and (3) of this article the State Councils shall have exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in Schedule IV of this Constitution referred to as the “Federal State List”.

 

 

68.                 If any law enacted by the Federal State Councils is inconsistent with any law validly made by Parliament, the law made by Parliament shall prevail and the law of the Federal State Council shall to the extent of the inconsistency be void.

 

 

69.           (1)           Whenever at any time, save when Parliament in sitting, the Cabinet

advises the President that exceptional circumstances exists which render it necessary for him to take immediate action, he may promulgate such Ordinances as the circumstances appear to him to require.

 

(2)           If parliament is dissolved and there is no Parliament the President may promulgate such Ordinances as circumstances require for the effective government of Uganda during such period.

 

(3)                 An Ordinance promulgated  under this article shall have the same force and effect as an At of parliament, but every Ordinance,

 

(a)                 shall be laid before Parliament immediately upon its next meeting;

 

(b)                 shall cease to have effect, but without prejudice to anything done thereunder at the expiration of six weeks from the reassembly of Parliament unless passed by Parliament; and

 

(c)                 may be repealed by the President or by Parliament.

 

(4)                 Nothing in this Article may be interpreted as empowering the President to make Ordinances on matters contained in the Federal State List.

 

 

PART II

 

ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS

 

70.           The executive power of every Federal State shall be so exercised as to ensure compliance with the laws made by Parliament which apply in that Federal State as well as laws made by the Federal State.

 

71.                 The executive power of every Federal State shall not be so exercised as to impede or prejudice the exercise of the executive power of the Central Government.

 

PART III

 

EXECUTIVE POWERS

 

72.           (1)           The executive power of Uganda shall vest in the President and, subject to

the provisions of this Constitution, shall be exercised by him, either directly or through officers subordinate to him.

 

(2)           In the performance of any function conferred upon him or in the exercise of any rights, prerogatives or privileges vested in him by this Constitutions or any other law, the President shall act in accordance with  the provisions of this Constitution or of any such other law.

 

(3)           Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from conferring by law functions on persons or authorities other than the President.

 

73.           PERMANENT SECRETARIES

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of clause (2) of article 36 of  this Constitution, a department of the Central Government of Uganda shall be under the suppression of a Permanent Secretary whose office shall be a public office.

 

(2)                 The functions of a Permanent Secretary under this article shall include;

 

(a)                 the organization and operation of the department

 

(b)                 tendering advice to the Minister in respect of the business or the department;

 

(c)                 implementation of the policy of the Central Government of Uganda; and

 

(d)                 responsibility for the proper expenditure of public moneys.

 

74.                 POLICE FORCES

 

(1)                 There shall be a police force of Uganda which shall be styled the Uganda Police Force, and such other police forces in Uganda as Parliament may prescribe.

 

(2)                 Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, every police force in Uganda shall be organized and administered in such manner as Parliament may prescribe.

 

(3)                 The Federal States shall be entitled to maintain a State Local Defence Police Force, of not exceeding one Policeman to one thousand inhabitants of the Federal States.

 

75.                 CONTROL OF POLICE FORCES

 

(1)                 The Uganda Police Force shall be under the command of an Inspector – General of Police, whose office shall be a public office.

 

(2)                 The President or such other Minister as my be authorized in that behalf by the President may give to the Inspector General of Police such directions with respect to the maintaining and securing of public safety and public order as he may consider necessary and the Inspector-General shall comply with those directions or cause them to be complied with.

 

(3)                 The Federal State Local Defence Police Force shall be under the exclusive control of the Federal State concerned.

 

 

76.                 TENURE OF OFFICE OF AUDITOR GENERAL AND INSPECTOR GENERAL OF GOVERNMENT

 

(1)                 The provisions of this article shall apply in relation to persons holding the office of Auditor-General, Inspector-General of Police or Inspector General of Government.

(2)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, a person to whom this article applies shall vacate his office when he attains the age of fifty-five or such other age as my be prescribed by Parliament.

 

(3)                 A person to whom this article applies may be removed from office only for,

 

(a)                 inability to discharge the functions of his office whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or from any other cause;

 

(b)                 failure to discharge the functions of his office;

 

(c)                 gross misconduct;

 

(d)                 conduct unbecoming of the holder of the office; or

 

(e)                 misbehaviour,

and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of this article.

 

(4)                 A person to whom this article applies shall be removed from office by the President if the question of his removal from office has been referred to a committee appointed under clause (5) of this article and the committee has recommended to the President that he ought to be removed from office.

 

(5)                 If the Cabinet represents to the President that the question of removing a person to whom this article applies ought to be investigated, then,

 

(a)                 the President, shall appoint a committee which shall consist of a Chairman and not less than two other members, being persons who hold or have held office as a judge of court having unlimited jurisdiction in civil, or criminal matters or a court having jurisdiction in appeals from such a court; and

 

(b)                 that committee shall inquire into the mater and report on the facts thereof to the President and recommend to the President whether the person ought to be removed under this article.

 

(6)                 If the question of removing a person to whom this article applies has been referred to a committee under this article, the President, may suspend the person from performing the functions of his office and any such suspension may at any time be revoked by the President, and shall in any case cease to have effect if the committee recommends to the President that the person should not be removed.

 

 

77.                 DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS

 

(1)                 There shall be a Director of Public Prosecutions, whose office shall be a public office.

 

(2)                 The Director of Public Prosecutions shall have power in any case in which he considers it desirable so to do,

 

(a)                 to institute and undertake criminal proceedings against any person before any court, other than a court-martial, in respect of any offence alleged to have been committed by that person;

 

(b)                 to take over and continue any such criminal proceedings that have been institute or undertaken by any other person of authority; and

 

(c)                 to discontinue at any state before judgment is delivered any such criminal proceedings instituted or under taken by himself or any other person or authority.

 

(3)                 The powers of the Director of Public Prosecutions under clause (2) of this  article may be exercised by him in --- or by officers authorised in that behalf by him acting in accordance with his general or special instructions.

 

(4)                 For the purpose of this article, any appeal from the judgement in any criminal proceedings before any court, or any case stated or question of law reserved, including any question referred under article 93, for the purpose of any such proceedings, to any other court in Uganda or the Supreme Court shall be deemed to be part of those proceedings:

 

PROVIDED that the power conferred on the Director of public Prosecutions by paragraph (c) of clause (2) of this article shall not be exercised in relation to any appeal by a person convicted in any criminal proceedings or to any case stated in question of law reserved at the instance of such a person.

 

(5)                 In the exercise of the powers conferred on him by this article, the Director of Public Prosecutions shall be subject t the direction an control of the Attorney General.

 

78.                 QUALIFICATION OF DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS

 

(1)                 A person shall not be qualified for appointment to hold or act in the office of Director or Public Prosecutions unless he is entitled to practice as an advocate or solicitor in a court having unlimited jurisdiction in Civil and criminal matters or court, and has been entitled for not less than five years to practice as an advocate or solicitor in such a court.

(2)                 For the purposes of this article, a person shall be regarded as entitled to practice as an advocate or a solicitor if he has been called, enrolled or otherwise admitted as such, and has not subsequently been disbarred o removed from the role of advocates or solicitors notwithstanding that,

 

(a)                 he holds or acts in any office the holder of which is, by person of his office precluded from practising in a court; or

 

(b)                 he does not hold a practicing certificate or has not satisfied any other like condition upon which he is permitted to practice.

 

79.                 PREROGATIVE OF MERCY

 

The President may,

 

(a)                 grant to any person concerned in or convicted  of any offence a pardon, either free or subject to lawful conditions;

 

(b)                 to any person a respite, either indefinite or for a specified period, of the execution of any punishment imposed on that person for any offence;

 

(c)                 substitute a less reserve form of punishment for any punishment imposed on any person for any offence, or

 

(d)                 remit the whole or part of any punishment imposed on any person for an offence or of any penalty or forfeiture otherwise due to the Government of Uganda on account of any offence.

 

 

80.           ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON PREROGATIVE OF MERCY

 

(1)                 There shall be an Advisory Committee on the Prerogative of Mercy which hall consist of;

 

(a)                 the Attorney-General who shall be Chairman; and

 

(b)                 not less than six or more than nine other members appointed by the President;

 

(2)                 A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a member of the Advisory Committee if he is a member of Parliament, Federal State Council or a member of the Committee of a District.

 

(3)                 A member of the Advisory Committee appointed by the President shall hold office for three years, so however that his seat on the Committee shall become vacant,

 

(a)                 If any circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of the Committee, would cause him to be disqualified for appointment as such; or

 

(b)                 if he is removed from office by the President or inability to discharge the functions of this office, whether arising from infirmity of mind or for misbehaviour.

 

81.           FUNCTIONS OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE

 

(1)                 The Advisory Committee shall advise the President as to whether he should exercise any of his powers under article 79 of this Constitution.

 

(2)                 Where any person has been sentenced to death for any offence, the Attorney-General shall cause a written report of the case from the trial judge or the person who presided over the court or tribunal, together with such other information derived from the record of the case or elsewhere as he may require, to be considered at a meeting of the Advisory Committee for the purposes of the Committee’s function under this Article.

 

(3)                 The Advisory Committee may regulate its own procedure.

 

82.                 POWER OF PRESIDENT TO MAKE TREATIES, APPOINTMENTS ETC.

 

(1)                 The President shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of Parliament to make Treaties, Conventions, Agreements or other arrangements between Uganda and any other country or between Uganda and any International Organization or body in respect of any matter, provided two-thirds of the present members of Parliament present and voting concur; and

 

(2)                 the President shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of Parliament appoint:

 

(i)            Ambassadors and High Commissioners;

 

(ii)                 Public Officers;

 

(iii)                Judges of the Supreme Court and the High Court;

 

(iv)               All other Officers of the Government of Uganda whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for,

 

And which shall be established by law

 

But Parliament may by law vest the appointment of such other officers, as Parliament shall think proper in the President or the Minister;

 

Provided Parliament may delegate some or all its functions under clause (2) of this Article.

 

83.                 DECLARATION OF WAR

 

(1)                 Parliament may by resolution authorise the President to declare that a state of war exists between Uganda and any other country.

 

2)                   Parliament may be resolution at any time revoke a declaration of a state of war made under the provisions of this article.

 

84.                 COMMAND OF ARMED FORCES

 

(1)                 The Supreme command of the Armed Forces of Uganda shall vest in the President.

 

(2)                 The powers conferred upon the President by clause (1) of this article shall include;

 

(a)                 power to determine the operational use of the Armed Forces;

 

(b)                 power to appoint members of the Armed Forces, to make appointments on promotion to any office in the Armed Forces and to dismiss any member of the Armed Forces.

 

(3)                 The President may, by directions in writing and subject to such conditions as he may think fit, delegate to any member of the Armed Forces any of the powers mentioned in clause (2) of this Article.

 

(4)                 Parliament may regulate the exercise of the powers conferred upon the President by this Article.

 

85.                 EXERCISE OF PRESIDENT’S FUNCTIONS

 

(1)                 Whenever there is no Vice-President, the Chief Justice shall, for the purposes of the immediately preceding clause, within twelve hours from the death, resignation or removal of the President, summon a meeting of the Cabinet:

 

(2)                 Provided that the powers of the Chief Justice under this clause shall be limited to summoning the meeting and he shall not attend the meeting.

 

(3)                 Any person required by this article to perform the functions of the President shall, before commencing to perform those functions, take and subscribe the oath of allegiance and such other oath, if nay, as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

 

CHAPTER VII

 

ADMINISTRATION OF FEDERAL STATES

 

86.           (1)           The Federal State Council for each state shall make provisions for the

administration of the state without prejudice to  the foregoing, may for that purpose provided for,

 

(a)                 the establishment, suspension or dissolution of committed, urban authorities and other local authorities in any district or any part thereof; and matters connected therewith;

 

(b)                 the appointment, or election of all the members of any committee, urban authority or other local authority, their qualifications, disqualification tenure of office, allowances, and similar other matters;

 

(c)                 establishing offices in the districts or nay part thereof, the appointment of a committee, urban authority or other local authority and suspension, removal or replacement of any officer thereof.               

 

(d)                 The performance of any duties, functions and responsibilities of a committee, urban authority or other local authority and suspension, removal or replacement of any officer thereof.

 

87.       In the event of disagreements between the Central Government and the Federal

State Government the same shall be referred to the High Court which shall entertain the issues so disagreed upon.

 

 

CHAPTER VIII

 

THE JUDICATURE

 

Part 1  THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA

 

88.           (1)           There shall be a High Court of Uganda, which shall have unlimited

jurisdiction throughout Uganda subject to the Provisions of this Constitution and of any law enacted by Parliament.

 

 

 

(2)                 The judges of the High Court shall be the Principal Judge and such manner of judges of the High Court as my be prescribed by Parliament.

 

Provided that the office of a judge of the High Court shall not be abolished while there is a substantive holder thereof.

 

(3)                 The High Court shall be a superior court of record and, save as otherwise provided by Parliament shall have all the powers of such a court.

 

(4)                 The High Court shall sit in such places as the Principal Judge may appoint.

 

 

89.                 APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES OF HIGH COURT OF UGANDA

 

(1)                 The Principal Judge shall be appointed by the President.

 

(2)                 The Judges of the High Court shall be appointed by the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission.

 

(3)                 A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a judge of the High Court unless,

 

(a)                 he is, or has been a judge of a court having unlimited jurisdiction in civil criminal matters or a court having jurisdiction in appeals from any such court; or

 

(b)                 he is entitled to practise as an advocate in such a court and has been entitled for not less than five years to practise as an advocate in such a court.

 

(4)                 For the purposes of the immediate preceding clause, a person shall be regarded as entitled to practise as an advocate if he has been called, enrolled or otherwise admitted as such and has not subsequently been disbarred or removed from the roll of advocates, notwithstanding that,

 

(a)                 he holds or acts in any office the holder of which is by reason of his office, precluded from practising in a court; or

 

(b)                 he does not hold a practicing certificate or has not satisfied any other like condition upon which he is permitted to practice.

 

(5)                 If the office of Principal Judge is vacant or if the Principal Judge is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then, until a person has been appointed to and has assumed the functions of that office or until the person holding that office has resumed those functions, as the case may be, those functions shall be performed by such one of the judges of the High Court as may be designated in that behalf by the President.

 

(6)                 If the office of any judge of the High Court I vacant or if any such judge is appointed to act as Principal Judge or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office or if the Principal Judge advises  the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission, may appoint a person qualified for appointment as a judge of the High Court to act as a judge of the High Court of that court:

 

Provided that a person may act as a judge notwithstanding that he has attained the age prescribed for the purposes of clause (1) of article 90.

               

(7)                 Any person appointed under clause (6) of this article to act as a judge of the High Court shall continue to act for the period of his appointment or, if no such period is specified, until his appointment is revoked by the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission:

 

Provided that, notwithstanding the expiration of the period of his appointment or the revocation of his appointment, he may thereafter continue to act as a judge of the High Court for so long as may be necessary to enable him to deliver judgement or to do any other thing in relation to proceedings that were commenced before him previosuly thereto.

 

90.                 TENURE OF OFFICE OF JUDGES

 

(1)                 Subject tot he provisions of this article, a person holding the office of a judge of the High Court shall vacate that office on attaining the age f sixty-five years or such other age as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

(2)                 Notwithstanding that he has attained the age at which he is required by the provisions of this article to vacate his office, a person holding the office of the judge of the High Court may be necessary to enable him to deliver judgement or to do any other thing in relation to proceedings that were commenced before he attained that age.

 

(3)                 A judge of the High court may be removed from office only for inability to perform the functions of his office, whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or from any other cause, or for misbehaviour, and shall not be so removed except in accordance with the provisions of this article.

 

(4)                 A Judge of the High Court shall be removed from office by the President of the question of his removal from office has been referred to as tribunal appointed under clause (5) of this article and the tribunal has recommended to the President that he ought to be removed from office for inability as aforesaid or for misbehaviour.

 

(5)                 If the Cabinet represents to the President that the question of removing a judge under this article ought to be investigated, then,

 

(a)                 the President, shall appoint a tribunal which shall consist of a Chairman and not less than two other members, being persons who hold or have held office as a judge of a court having unlimited jurisdiction in civil or criminal matters or a court having jurisdiction in appeals from such a court; and

 

(b)                 that tribunal shall inquire into the matter and report on the facts thereof to the President and recommend to the President whether the judge ought to be removed under this article.

 

(6)                 If the question of removing a judge under this article has been  referred to a tribunal under this article, the President may suspend the Judge from performing the functions of his office and any such suspension may at any time be revoked by the President and shall in any case cease to have effect if the tribunal recommends to the President that the judge should not be removed.

 

(7)                 The provisions of this article shall be without prejudice to the provisions of clause (7) of article 89.

 

91.                 OATHS TO BE TAKEN BY JUDGES

 

A judge of the High Court shall not enter upon the duties of his office unless he ahs taken and subscribed the oath of allegiance and such oath for the due execution of his office as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

92.                 Subject to the provision of clause (1) of article 100 (1) the Principal Judge shall be the head of and shall be responsible for the administration of the High Court.

 

93.           (1)           Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in

any proceedings in any court of law, other than a court-martial, and the court is of opinion that the question involved a substantial question of law the court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the High Court consisting of a bench of not less than three judges of the High Court.

 

Provided  that no such question need be so referred if the Court is of the opinion that it is not sufficiently important to the proceedings to require a reference to the High Court.

 

(2)           Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of this article, the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision.

 

94.           (1)           Where pursuant to the provisions of this Constitution any question is

referred to the High Court in pursuance of this article the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision.

 

(a)                 as to the interpretation of this Constitution; or

 

(b)                 as to whether any person was validly elected to the office of President or as a member of the Parliament, the High Court shall proceed to hear and determine the question as soon as may be and may for that purpose suspend any other matter pending before it until the conclusion.

 

(2)           The High Court shall not have any jurisdiction to adjudicate  upon a matter arising relating to clan leadership, the appointment, qualifications or removal from office of a Traditional Leader except with the consent of the Federal State concerned.

 

 

PART II THE SUPREME COURT OF UGANDA

 

95.                 SUPREME COURT OF UGANDA

 

(1)                 There shall be a court of appeal to be known as the Supreme Court of Uganda which shall be a superior court of record and shall have all the powers of such a court.

 

(2)                 An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any such final decision of the High Court of Uganda as may be prescribed by any written law.

 

(3)                 No appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court or except as provided by this article from the High Court of Uganda.

 

(4)                 Judges of the Supreme court of Uganda shall be

 

(a)                 the Chief Justice;

 

(b)                 the Deputy Chief Justice; and

 

(c)                 such number of Justices of the Supreme Court not being less than three as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

Provided that the office of a Judge of the Supreme Court shall not be abolished while there is  a substantive holder thereof.

 

(5)                 The Principal Judge shall be an ex-officio member of the Supreme court.

 

96.                 APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT

 

(1)                 The Chief Justice shall be appointed by the President from amongst the Principal Judge and Justices of the Supreme Court, after consultation with the Chief Justice.

 

(2)                 The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the President, on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission.

 

(3)                 A person shall not be qualified to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court unless he is qualified for the appointment as a judge of the High Court, and has been so qualified for a period of not less than seven years.

 

(4)                 Where the office of the Chief Justice is vacant or where the Chief Justice if for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then until a person has been appointed to and has assumed the functions of that office or until the Chief Justice has resumed those functions as the case may be, those functions shall be performed by the Deputy Chief Justice.

 

(5)                 Where the office of the Deputy Chief Justice is vacant or where the deputy Chief Justice is acting as Chief Justice or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then until a person has been appointed to and has assumed the functions of that office or until the Deputy Chief Justice has resumed those functions as the case may be those functions shall be performed by such one of the Justices of the Supreme Court as may be designated in that behalf by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice or the acting Chief Justice, as the case may be.

 

(6)                 Where the office of any Justice of the Supreme Court is vacant or where any Justice of the Supreme Court is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, or if the Chief Justice advises the President that the state of business in the Supreme Court so requires, the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission, may appoint a person qualified for appointment as a Justice of Supreme Court.

 

Provided that a person may act as a Justice of the Supreme Court withstanding that he has attained the age prescribed for retirement.

 

(7) (a)      Any person appointed under the immediately preceding clause to act as a Justice of the Supreme Court shall continue to act for the period of his appointment, or where no such period is specified, until his appointment is revoked by the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission:

 

(b)           Provided that notwithstanding the expiration of the period of his appointment of the revocation of his appointment, he may thereafter continue to act as a Justice of the Supreme Court for as long as may be necessary to enable him to deliver judgement or to do any other thing in relation to proceedings that were commended before him previous to such expiration or revocation.

 

(c)           All appointments under this article and article 89 of this Constitution must first be approved by Parliament.

 

97.           TENURE OF OFFICE

 

The provisions of article 90 shall apply to a judge of the Supreme Court as they apply to a judge to the High Court but so however that the retiring age of a judge of the Supreme Court shall be seventy years.

 

98.           OATH TO BE TAKEN BY JUDGES OF THE SUPREME COURT

 

The provision of article 91 shall apply to a judge of the Supreme Court as they apply to a judge of the High Court.

 

Provided that where the judge appointed to the Supreme Court was immediately prior to such appointment a judge of the High Court he may not be required to take oath again.

 

99.          COMPOSITION OF THE SUPREME COURT OF UGANDA

 

(1)                 The Supreme Court shall be duly constituted at any sitting if it consists of an uneven number not being less than three members of the court;

 

Provided that when hearing an appeal against a decision of the High Court on a question relating to the interpretation of the Constitution, the Court shall be duly constituted if it consists of an uneven number not being less than five members of the court.

 

(2)                 The Chief Justice shall preside at the sitting of the Supreme Court and in his absence the Deputy Chief Justice shall preside and in absence of both the Chief Justice and the Deputy Chief Justice the most senior member of the Court as constituted shall preside.

 

(3)                 The determination of any question before the Supreme Court shall be according to the opinion of the majority of the members of the Court hearing the case.

 

(4)                 The Chief Justice may create such division of the Supreme Court as he may consider necessary.

 

(a)                 consisting of such number of judges of Supreme Court as may be assigned thereto by the Chief Justice;

 

(b)                 sitting at such places in Uganda as the Chief Justice may, if consultation with the Attorney-General,  statutory order, determine.

 

100.  ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE AND DEPUTY

CHIEF JUSTICE

 

(1)                 The Chief Justice shall be the head and Chief Administrator of the Judiciary.

 

(2)                 Subject to clause (1) of this article the deputy Chief Justice shall assist the chief Justice in the administration of the Supreme Court and shall perform such other functions or duties as may be delegated or assigned to him the  Chief Justice.

 

PART III JUDICIAL SERVICES COMMISSION

 

101               JUDICIAL SERVICE COMMISSION

 

(1)                 There shall be a Judicial Service Commission for Uganda which shall consist of;

 

(a)                 the Chief Justice, who hall be Chairman

 

(b)                 the Principal Judge;

 

(c)                 the Attorney-General; and

 

(d)                 such other members not exceeding three who shall be appointed by the President.

 

 

(2)                 The following provisions shall apply in relation to a member of the Judicial Service Commission appointed by the President, that is to say;

 

(a)                 a person shall not be qualified for appointment as such unless he has the qualifications prescribed in clause (3) or article 89;

 

(b)                 subject to the provisions of this clause, a person appointed as such shall vacate his office at the expiration of four years from the date of his appointment; and

 

(c)                 a person appointed as such may be removed from office by the President but he may be removed only for inability to discharge the functions of his office whether arising from infirmity of mind or body or nay other cause, or for misbehaviour.

 

 

102.         APPOINTMENT, ETC. OF JUDICIAL OFFICERS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, power to appoint persons to hold or act in offices to which this article applies, including power to confirm appointments, to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices and to remove such persons from office shall be vested in the President acting in accordance with the advice of the Judicial Service Commission.

 

(2)                 The functions of the President and the Judicial Service Commission under this article shall be discharged in accordance with any provision made by Parliament for regulating and facilitating the discharge thereof.

 

(3)                 The offices to which this article applies are;

 

(a)                 the office of the chief Registrar or Registrar

 

(b)                 the office of Deputy Registrar or Assistant Registrar;

 

(c)                 the office of Chief Magistrate or Magistrate of any Grade;

 

(d)                 such other offices connected with or to be held in any court of law other than the High Court, as Parliament may prescribe.

 

(4)                 All appointments under this Chapter shall be subject to Article 82 of this Constitution.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER IX

 

FINANCE PART I

 

193               SOURCES OF FUNDS AND REVENUE FOR THE CENTRAL AND

FEDERAL SATES

 

(1)                 Subject to Articles 112, 113 and 114, the central Government may raise revenue from any source approved by Parliament

 

(2)                 Federal States may raise revenues:

 

(a)                 from matters contained in Schedule V to this Constitution;

 

(b)                 out of the Consolidated Fund under Article 112;

 

(c)                 from borrowing; and

 

(d)                 from say such other source as may be approved from time to time by Parliament.

 

(3)                 Articles 104 to 111 should be construed subject to this Article and in case of any inconsistency this Article shall prevail.

 

194.              CONSOLIDATED FUND

 

All revenue or other moneys raised or received for the purposes of the Central Government of Uganda, not being revenue or other moneys that are payable to a Federal State or by or under an Act of parliament into some other fund established for a specific purpose of that may be retained by the department of Government that received them for the purpose of defraying the expenses of that department, shall be paid into and form one Consolidated Fund.

 

195. (1)   No moneys shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Fund except,

 

(a)                 to meet expenditure that is charged upon the Fund by this Constitution or by act of Parliament: or

 

(b)                 Where the issue of those moneys has been authorised by an Appropriation Act, by a supplementary estimate approved by resolution of the Parliament or by an Act enacted in pursuance of Article 197.

 

(3)                 No moneys shall be withdrawn from any public fund of Uganda, other than the Consolidated Fund, unless the issue of those moneys has been authorised by under any law.

(3)           No moneys shall be withdrawn form the Consolidated Fund unless such withdrawal has been approved in the manner prescribed by Parliament.

 

(4)                 Articles 108 to 11 of this Constitution shall only apply to revenue of the Central Government.

 

106.         AUTHORISATION OF EXPENDITURE

 

(1)                 The Minister for the time being, responsible for finance shall cause to be prepared and laid before Parliament in each financial year estimates of revenues and expenditure of Uganda for the next following financial year.

 

(2)                 The heads of expenditure contained in the estimates, other than expenditure charged upon the Consolidated Fund by this Constitution or any Act of Parliament, shall be included in a bill to be known as an Appropriation Bill which shall be introduced into the Assembly to provide for the issue from the Consolidated Fund of the sums necessary to meet that expenditure ad the appropriation of those sums for the purposes specified therein.

 

(3)                 If in respect of any financial year it is found:

 

(a)                 that the amount appropriated by the Appropriation Act for any purpose in insufficient or that a need has arisen for expenditure for a purpose for which no amount ahas been appropriated by the Act; or

 

(b)                 that any moneys have been expended for any purpose in excess of the amount appropriated for that purpose by the Appropriated Act or for a purpose for which no amount has been appropriated by the Act, a supplementary estimate showing the sums required or spent shall be laid before Parliament.

 

(4)                 Where in respect of any financial year a supplementary estimate or supplementary estimates have been approved by Parliament in accordance with the provisions of clause (3) of this article, a supplementary Appropriation Bill shall be introduced into Parliament in the financial year next following the financial year to which the estimates relate, providing for the appropriation of the sums so approved for the purposes specified in those estimates.

 

 

 

 

 

 

107.         AUTHORISATION OF EXPENDITURE IN ADVANCE OF APPROPRIATION

 

Parliament may make provision under which, if it appears to the Minister responsible for finance that the Appropriation Act in respect of any financial year will not come into operation by the beginning of that financial year, he may authorize the withdrawal of moneys from the Consolidated Fund for the purpose of meeting expenditure necessary to carry on the services of the Government in respect of the period expiring four months from the beginning of that financial year or on the coming into operation of the Act, whichever is the earlier.

 

108.              CONTINGENCIES FUND

 

(1)                 Parliament may make provision for the establishment of a Contingencies Fund for authorising the Minister responsible for finance, if satisfied that there has arisen an urgent and unforeseen need for expenditure for which no other provision exists to make advances from the fund to meet that need.

 

(2)                 Where any advance is made from the contingencies fund, a supplementary estimate shall be presented as soon as possible for the purpose of replacing the amount so advanced.

 

109               REMUNERATION OF CERTAIN OFFICERS

 

(1)                 There shall be paid to the holders of the offices to which this article applies such salary and such allowances as may be prescribed by Parliament.

 

(2)                 The salaries and any allowances payment to the holders of the offices to which this article applies shall be a charge on the Consolidated Fund.

 

(3)                 This article shall apply to the offices of judges of the Supreme Court, judge of the High Court, member of the Electoral Commission, appointed members of the Judicial Service Commission, Auditor-General and Inspector-General of Police.

 

110.         PUBLIC DEBT

 

(1)                 The Public debt of Uganda shall be a charge upon the Consolidated Fund and other public funds of Uganda.

 

(2)                 For the purpose of this article, the public debt includes the interest on that debt, sinking fund payments in respect of that debt and the costs, charges and expenses incidental to the management of that debt.

 

 

111          AUDITOR - GENERAL

 

(1)                 There shall be an Auditor – General for Uganda, whose office shall be a public office.

 

(2)                 The public accounts of Uganda and of all officers, courts, and authorities of the Government of Uganda and of the District Administrations and of such bodies or authorities as may be prescribed by Parliament, shall be audited and reported on by the Auditor-General or any person authorized by him in that half shall have access to all books, records, returns and other relating to those accounts.

 

(3)                 The Auditor-General shall submit his reports to the Minister responsible for finance, who shall cause them to be laid before Parliament and to be published soon thereafter.

 

(4)                 In the exercise of his functions under this Constitution the Auditor-General shall bot be subject to the direction or control of any other person or authority.

 

(5)                 Notwithstanding the provisions of the immediately preceding clause, the Minister responsible for finance may require the Auditor-General to submit a report of any accounts of a specified body or authority and the Auditor-General shall comply with such a requirement.

 

 

PART  II

 

FINANCIAL PROVISIONS FOR THE FEDERAL STATES

 

112. (1)                Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 103, the central Government of Uganda shall make such grants and payments to the Federal States as Parliament shall from time to time determine.

 

(2)               Provide that such grants and payments shall not be less than 20 percent of the gross revenue collected from within that state.

 

(3)                 Nothing in Clause (I) shall prevent Parliament from granting or  authorising a percentage greater than 10 percent in  respect of any Federal State especially those generating less income and requiring more revenue for their development.

 

113.              On the coming into force of this Constitution, for the avoidance of doubt, a Federal State shall have power to collect and retain the proceeds of any tax arising from Schedule V of this Constitution.

 

 

114.              Article 103, 112 and 113 shall not be altered by any Act of Parliament to the disadvantage of a Federal State without  the concurrence of the State Council of the State concerned.

 

 

CHAPTER X

 

THE REPUBLIC SERVICES OF UGANDA

 

115.              PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

 

(1)                 There shall be a Public Service Commission for Uganda which shall, subject to the provisions of clause (1) of article 113 advise the President in respect of the performance of his functions under article 104 of this Constitution.

 

(2)                 The Public Service Commission shall consist of a Chairman and such other members as Parliament may prescribe, all of whom shall be appointed by the President, but subject to approval of Parliament.

 

(3)                 A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a member of the Public Service Commission if he is a member of the Parliament a member of a District Council or Urban Authority Council or if he is a public officer.

 

(4)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, the office of a member of the Public Service Commission shall become vacant:

 

(a)                 at the expiration of four years from the date of his appointment as such.

 

(b)                 if any circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of the Commission, would cause him to be disqualified for appointment as such.

 

(5)                 The President may designate any member of the Public Service Commission other than the Chairman as Deputy Chairman of the Commission so however that not more than two members of the commission shall designate be as advice of the Cabinet, but he may be so removed only for.

 

(6)                 A member of the Public Service Commission may be removed from office by the President acting in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet, but he may be so removed only for.

 

(a)                 inability to discharge the functions of hi office;

(b)                 failure to discharge the functions of his office;

 

(c)                 gross misconduct;

 

(d)                 conduct unbecoming of the holder of the office; or

 

(e)                 misbehaviour

 

(7)        It at any time the office of Chairman of the Public Service Commission is vacant or if the person holding that office is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, then,

 

 

(a)                 until a person has been appointed to and has assumed the functions of that office; or

 

(b)                 until the person holding that office has resumed those functions, as the case may be, those functions shall be performed by such Deputy Chairman or, if there is no member so designated and able to perform the functions of that office, by such one of the other members of the Commission, as may be designated in that behalf by the President.             

 

(8)           If at any time there are less than three members of the Public Service Commission besides the Chairman or if any such member is appointed to act as Chairman or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, the President may appoint a person who is qualified for appointment as a member of the commission to act as a member.

 

(9)           Any person so appointed under the provisions of the immediately preceding clause shall, subject to the provisions of clause (4) of this article, continue to act until the office in which he is acting is filled or, as the case may be, until the holder thereof resumes his functions or until his appointment to act is revoked by the President.

 

(10)         Subject to the provisions of this article, Parliament may make provision for regulating the Commission in the performance of its functions.

 

116.         TEACHING SERVICE COMMISSION

 

(1)                 There shall be a Teaching Service Commission for Uganda which shall advise the President in respect of the performance of his function under article 118 of this Constitution in respect of the offices of teachers.

 

(2)                 The Teaching Service Commission shall consist of a Chairman and such other members as Parliament may prescribe all of whom shall be appointed by the President.

 

(3)                 A person shall not be qualified for appointment as a member of the Teaching Service Commission if he is a member of Parliament a member of any board or other authority responsible for the management of any school or is public officer.

 

(4)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, the office of a member of the Teaching Service Commission shall become vacant.

 

(a)                 at the expiration of four years from the date of his appointment or

 

(b)                 if any circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of Commission would cause him to be disqualified for appointment as such

 

(a)                 at the expiration of four years from the date of his appointment or

 

(b)                 if any circumstances arise that, if he were not a member of the Commission  would cause him to be disqualified for appointment as such

 

(5)                 The President may designate any member of the Teaching Service Commission other than the Chairman, as Deputy Chairman of the Commission so however that not more than two members of the Commission shall be designated as Deputy Chairman of the commission at any time.

 

(6)                 A member of the Teaching Service Commission may be removed from office by the President acting in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet, but he may be so removed only for;

 

(a)                 inability to discharge the functions of his office, whether arising from infirmity of body or mind or from any other cause;

 

(b)                 failure to discharge the functions of his office;

 

(c)                 gross misconduct.

 

(d)                 Conduct unbecoming the holder of the office, or

 

(e)                 Misbehaviour

 

(7)                 If at anytime the office of Chairman of the Teaching Service Commission is vacant or if the person holding that office is for any reason unable to perform the function of his office, then.

 

(a)                 until a person has been appointed to and has assumed the functions of that office; or

 

(b)                 until a person holding that office had resumed those functions, as the case may be, those functions shall be performed by such Deputy Chairman or, if there is no member so designated and able to perform the functions of that office, by such one of the other members of the Commission, as may be designated in that behalf by the President.

 

(8)                 If at any time there are less than two members of the Teaching Service Commission besides the Chairman or if any such member is appointed to act as Chairman or is for any reason unable to perform the functions of his office, the President may appoint a person who is qualified for appointment as a member of the Commission to act as a member.

 

 

(9)                 Any person, so appointed under the provisions of the immediately preceding clause shall, subject to clause (4) of this article, continue to act until the office in which he is acting is filled or, as the case may be, until the holder thereof resumes his functions or until his appointment to act is revoked by the President.

 

(10)              Subject to the provisions of this article, Parliament may make provisions for regulating the Commission in the performance of its functions including the establishment of Teaching Service Committee and prescribing their functions.

 

117.         DISTRICT SERVICE COMMITTEES

 

(1)                 There shall be for each District and urban authority a Service Committee.

 

(2)                 A Service Committee shall consist of a chairman and such other members as Parliament may prescribe, all of whom shall be appointed by the President.

 

(3)                 A member of Service Committee shall hold office for such a period and upon such terms as Parliament may prescribe.

 

(4)                 A  Service Committee shall perform such functions as may be conferred upon it by virtue of this Commission or any offices in the service of a District Administration or an urban authority, including confirmation of appointments, exercise of disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices, and removal of such persons from office.

 

(5)                 The functions of a Service Committee under this article shall be discharged in accordance with such provision as may be made by Parliament for regulating and facilitating the discharge thereof.

 

 

118.         APPOINTMENT ETC OF PUBLIC OFFICERS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this Constitution power to appoint persons to hold or act in any offices in the offices in the Public Service of the Government of Uganda or of a District Administration or an urban authority including power to confirm appointments, to exercise disciplinary conduct over persons holding or acting in such offices and to remove such persons from office shall vest  in the President.

 

(2)                 The President may delegate any of his powers under this article by directions in writing to the Public Service commission, the Teaching Service Commission, a Service Committee, a public officer or to any other authority as may be prescribed by Parliament, and may in like manner revoke any such delegation.

 

(3)                 The provisions of the immediately preceding clause shall not apply in relation to the office of Parliament  Secretary, Auditor-General, Inspector-General of Police or Head of Department.

 

(4)                 Where the President has delegated any of his powers under clause (2) of this article, any authority to which such powers are delegated shall exercise those powers in accordance with such law as may be made by Parliament in that behalf.

 

(5)                 No person shall be appointed under this article to or to act in any office on the personal staff of the President, except with the concurrence of the President.

 

 

 

 

 

119.              APPOINTMENT ETC OF REPRESENTATIVES OF UGANDA ABROAD

 

(1)                 Power to appoint persons to hold or act in the offices of which this article applies, including power to make appointments on promotion and transfer, and to remove persons so appointed from any such office, shall vest in the President.

 

(2)                 The offices to which this article applies are the offices of any Ambassador, High Commissioner or other representative of Uganda in countries other than Uganda.

 

 

120.              PROTECTION OF PENSION RIGHTS

 

(1)                 The law applicable to any benefits to which this article shall in relation to any person who has been granted or his or may become eligible for the grant of such benefits, be that in force at the relevant date of any later.

 

(2)                 For the purposes of this article, the expression “the relevant date” means,

In relation to benefits granted before 9th October, 1962, the date on which those benefits were granted.

 

(b)           in relation to benefits granted or that may be granted after 9th October, 1962, to or in respect of a person who was a public officer before that date 8th October, 1962; and

 

(c)           in relation to any benefits granted or that may be granted in respect of any person who becomes a public officer after 9th October, 1962, the date on which he becomes a public Officer.

 

(3)                 Where a person is entitled to exercise an option as to which of two or more laws shall apply in his case, the law for which he opts shall, for the purposes of this article, be deemed to be more favourable to him than the other law or laws.

 

(4)                 Any benefits to which this article applies, to the extent that those benefits are not a charge upon some other public fund, shall be a charge on the Consolidated Fund.

 

(5)                 The befits to which this article applies are any benefits payable under nay law providing for the grant of any pensions, compensation, gratuities or other like allowances to persons in respect of their service as public officers or to the widows, children, dependants or personal representatives of such persons in respect of such service.

 

(6)                 References to the law applicable to any benefits to which this article applies include, without prejudice to their references to any law regulating for the purpose of determining whether any person is eligible for the grant of such benefits on his retirement from the public service------ of Uganda, the circumstances in which he is required or permitted to retire.

 

121.              POWER OF APPROPRIATE AUTHORITY IN RELATION TO PENSIONS ETC.

 

(1)                 Where under any law any person or authority has a discretion,

 

(a)                 to decide whether or not any benefits to which this article applies shall be granted: or

 

(b)                 to withhold amount or suspendancy such benefits that --- have been granted, those benefits shall be granted and may not be with held reduced in amount or suspend unless the appropriate authority concurs in the refusal to grant the benefits or, as the case may be, in the decision to withhold them, reduce them in amount or suspend them.

 

(2)                 Where the amount of any benefits to which this article applies that may be granted to any person is not fixed by law, the amount of the benefits to be granted to him shall be greatest amount for which he is eligible unless the appropriate authority concurs in his being granted benefits of smaller amount.

 

(3)                 The appropriate authority shall not concur under clause (1) or clause (2) of this article in action taken on the ground that any person who holds or has held the office of a judge of the High Court Auditor General or Inspector-General of police has been guilty of misbehaviour unless he has been removed from office by reason of such misbehaviour.

 

(4)                 For the purposes of this article the expression appropriate authority means

 

(a)                 in the case of benefits for which any person may be eligible in respect of the service in the public service of a person who immediately before he ceased to be a public officer was subject to the disciplinary control of the Judicial Service Commission or the Teaching Service Commission or that have been granted in respect of such service the judicial Service Commission or the Teaching Service commission as the case may be and

 

(b)                 in any other case, the Public Service Commission

 

 

(5)                 This article shall ---- that are or may become payable under any law provided for the grant of pensions compensation gratuities or other like allowances to persons in respect of their service as public officers or to the widows, children dependants or person representatives of such persons in respect of such service

 

 

CHAPTER XI

 

PUBLIC LAND

 

122.              LAND COMMISSION

 

(1)                 There shall be a Land Commission for Uganda

 

(2)                 The Land Commission shall consist of a Chairman and four other members who shall be appointed by the President.

 

(3)                 The Land Commission shall hold and manage any land vested in it by this Constitution or any law or acquired in Uganda by the Government of Uganda and shall have such other powers as may be conferred upon it by the Parliament.

 

(4)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, Parliament may make provision for the tenure of office of members and the procedure of the Land commission for regulating the Commission in the performance of its functions including the establishment of District Land Committees and setting out their functions.

 

123.              INTERPRETATION

 

References in this Chapter to land include references to any estate, interest or right in land.

 

CHAPTER XII

 

THE UGANDA ARMY

 

124.              Uganda shall have an army known as the Uganda Army, or by such other name as Parliament may from time to time desire.

 

125.              The number of the Uganda Army shall as much a is practicable reflect the population proportion of the various Districts of Uganda.

 

 

 

126.              The Uganda Army shall:

 

(a)                 be pro-people

 

(b)                 not engage in anti-Government activities

 

(c)                 nor. without the express permission of Parliament, usurp duties of Police, as spelt out in the Police Act and other legislation.

 

(d)                 Not arrest and detain civilians in military barracks;

 

(e)                 Not every throw a democratically elected Government, unless so authorised by Parliament.

 

CHAPTER XIII

 

GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS

 

 

127.              CAPITAL OF UGANDA

 

Kampala shall be the capital of Uganda.

 

128.              OFFICIAL  AND NATIONAL LANGUAGES

 

(1)                 The official language of the Government of Uganda shall be English.

 

(2)                 The National Languages of Uganda shall be;

 

(a)           Luganda

 

(b)           Luo

 

(c)           Runyakitara

 

129.              PRIVILEGES OF CONSTITUTIONAL TRADITIONAL LEADERS

 

(1)                 The following provisions shall apply in relation to the Constitutional Traditional Leader of a Federal State:

 

(a)                 the Constitutional Traditional leader shall be exempt from direct personal taxation;

 

(b)                 the Constitutional Traditional Leader shall have the right to move freely throughout the Federal State, the right to have access to Kampala and to Entebbe, the right to enter or leave Uganda and immunity from expulsion from Uganda.

 

(c)                 No criminal or civil proceedings shall be brought in any court against the Constitutional Traditional Leader in his personal capacity in respect of anything above or any obligation incurred after the coming into force of this Constitution.

 

(d)                 No property of the Constitutional  Traditional Leader  held in his personal capacity, shall be compulsory acquired or compulsorily taken possession of;

 

(2)                 The provisions of sub article (1) (a) of this article shall apply in relation to such person as may for the time being be designated by the Government of a Federal State as the consort of the Constitutional Traditional Leader as they apply in relation to the Constitutional Traditional Leader as they apply in relation to the Constitutional Traditional Leader of the Federal State and the provisions of sub article (1) (b) and sub article (2) of this section shall apply in relation to any person for the time being lawfully performing the functions of a Regent for the Federal State as they apply in relation to the constitutional Traditional Leader of the Federal State.

 

(3)                 The provisions f this article shall be without prejudice to any rights guaranteed to the Constitutional Traditional Leaders of a Federal State by the provisions of Chapters I and III of this Constitution.

 

(4)                 The reference in this article of property of a Constitutional Traditional Leader of a Federal State held in his personal capacity includes a reference, in the case of the Kabaka, to land held by him on the tenure known as official mailo tenure on or before the 15th day of April 1966.

 

(5)                 A Constitutional Traditional Leader shall be entitled to a Diplomatic Passport;

 

(6)                 A Constitutional Traditional Leader shall be entitled to a flag;

 

(7)                 A Constitutional traditional Leader shall be entitled to such other privileges which are within the control of the Federal State as the Federal State concerned shall decide.

 

131               PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERS OF FEDERAL STATE COUNCILS

 

The laws that apply in relation to the privilege and immunities of the members of Parliament shall apply in relation to the members of the Federal State Council of a Federal State whilst taking part in the proceedings of that Federal State Council and for that purpose shall have effect with such modifications as may be prescribed by parliament.

 

133.         PERFORMANCE OF FUNCTIONS OF COMMISSIONS

 

Any commission established by this Constitution may, with  the consent of the President or such other Minister as may be authorised in that behalf, by regulation or otherwise, regulate its own procedure or confer power or impose duties on any officer or authority of the Government of Uganda for the purpose of discharging its functions.

 

134.              RESIGNATIONS

 

(1)                 Any person who is appointed or elected to any office established by this Constitution may resign from that office by writing under hand addressed to the person or authority by whim he was appointed or elected;

 

Provided that in the case of a person who holds office as Speaker or Deputy Speaker of Parliament his resignation from that office shall be addressed to the President, and in the case of a member of Parliament his resignation shall be addressed to the speaker.

 

(2)                 The resignation of any person from any office established by this Constitution shall take effect in accordance with the terms upon which he was appointed or if there are no such terms, when the writing signifying the resignation is received by the persons authorize by that person or authority to receive it.

 

(3)                 Reference in this article to an office do not include a reference to the office of the President.

 

(4)                 For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that any office established before the coming into force of this Constitution which is inconsistent with any provision of this Constitution shall, on the coming into force of this Constitution be abolished.

 

(5)                 For the purposes of clause (1) of this article, the expression “office” includes a public office and the office excluded by clause (3) of article 130 other than the office of the President, from references to an office in the public service.

 

135.              REAPPOINTMENT AND CONCURRENT APPOINTMENTS

 

(1)                 Where any person has vacate any office established by this  Constitution, he may, if qualified, again be appointed or elected to hold that office in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution.

(2)                 Where a power is conferred by this Constitution upon any person to make any appointment to any office, a person may be appointed to that office notwithstanding that some other person may be holding that office, when that other person is on leave of absence pending the relinquishment of the office; and where two or more persons are holding the same office by reason of an appointment made in pursuance of this clause, then for the purposes of any function conferred upon the holder of that office, the person last appointed shall be deemed to be the sole holder of that office.

 

(3)                 References in this article to an office do not include a reference to the office of the President or the Vice-President.

 

136.              EXISTING LAW

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, the operation of the existing law after the commencement of this Constitution shall not be  affected by such commencement but the existing law shall be construed with such modifications, adaptations, qualifications and exceptions as may be necessary to bring it into conformity with this Constitution.

 

(2)                 The President may, by statutory instrument made at any time before the expiration of twelve months from the date of the commencement of this Constitution, make such amendments to the existing law as may appear to him to be necessary or expedient for bringing it into conformity with this Constitution or otherwise for giving effect or enabling effect to be given to any changes effected by this Constitution.

 

(3)                 Where the president makes an instrument under the provisions of the immediately preceding clause in relation to an Act of the Common Services Organisation or the former High Commission, that instrument shall have effect so as to amend that Act in and in relation to any person or matter in or connected with Uganda, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in the interpretation Act.

 

(4)                 Where any matter that fails to be prescribed or otherwise provided for under this Constitution by Parliament or by any other person or authority is prescribed or provided to by or under an existing law, including any amendment to any such law made under this article, or is otherwise prescribed or provided for immediately before the commencement of this Constitution by or under the Constitution as then in force, that prescription provision shall, as from the commencement of this Constitution, have effect as if it had been made under this Constitution by Parliament or, as the case may be by the other authority or person.

 

(5)                 Any reference in the existing law to a provision in the  Constitution which came into force on the 8th day of September 1967, shall be construed as a reference to the corresponding provision of this Constitution, and where there is any conflict the provisions of this Constitution shall prevail.

 

137.              EXISTING OFFICES

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, every person who immediately before the commencement of this Constitution held or was acting in any office established by or in pursuance of the Constitution as then in force, so far as is consisted with the provisions of this Constitution, shall be deemed to have been appointed as from the commencement of this Constitution to hold or to act in the equivalent office under this Constitution.

 

Provided that any person who before the commencement of this Constitution would have been required under the Constitution as then in force or any existing law to vacate his office at the expiration of any period or on the attainment of any age shall vacate his office at the expiration of that period or on the attainment of that age.

 

(2)                 The provisions of this article shall be without prejudice to any powers conferred by or under this Constitution or any other law upon any person or authority to make provision for the abolition of office, for the removal from office of persons holding or acting in any office and for requiring persons to retire from office.

 

(3)                 In determining for the purpose of any law relating to retiring benefits or otherwise to length on service the length of service of a public officer to whom clause (1) of this article applies, service as a public officer under the Government which terminates immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall be deemed to be continuos with service as a public officer which begins immediately on such commencement.

 

138.              OATHS DEEMED TO HAVE BEEN TAKEN

 

Notwithstanding any provision of this Constitution, every persons who immediately before the commencement of this Constitution held or with acting in any office established by or in pursuance of the Constitution as then in force and who holds or is acting in an equivalent office under this Constitution, shall be deemed to have taken and subscribed any necessary oath under this Constitution in accordance therewith.

 

139.              PENDING MATTERS

 

(1)                 Where any matter or thing has been commenced before the coming into force of this Constitution by any person or auhtority having power in that behalf under existing law, that matter or thing may be carried on and completed by the person or authority having power in that behalf on or after such commencement and, unless the President in any case otherwise direct it shall not be necessary for the latter person or authority to commence such matter or thing de novo.

 

(2)                 This article shall have effect subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to any provision made by Parliament.

 

 

140.              SUCCESSION TO PROPERTY

 

(1)                 All property, both movable and immovable, and all assets which immediately before the commencement of this Constitution were vested in any authority or person for the purposes of or in right of Government of Uganda or in the Government of Uganda, shall, on the commencement of this Constitution, vest in the Government of Uganda, subject to the provisions of Chapter XI of this Constitution.

 

(2)                 Notwithstanding the generality of Sub-Article (1) above, both movable and immovable property held by any person being either the Kabaka or Ruler of a Kingdom or Constitutional Head of a District before the 16th day of April, 1966 or by any other person or authority being connected with or attached to the institution of Kabakaship or King, Ruler or Constitutional Head shall not so vest unless the affected people in the Federal State concerned so expressly decide.

 

(3)                 Any property which was immediately before the commencement of this Constitution liable to escheat or be forfeited to any person or authority in right of the Government of Uganda shall on such commencement be liable to escheat or be forfeited to the Government of Uganda.

 

(4)                 Where immediately before the commencement of this Constitution any person held any property or assets in trust for the President for the purposes or in the right of the Government of Uganda, that person shall from the commencement of this Constitution hold such property or assets on the like trust for the Government of Uganda.

 

141.              SUCCESSION TO CONTRACTS

 

Where there is subsisting immediately before the commencement of this Constitution a contract which has been entered into by or on behalf of the Uganda Protectorate, Uganda, the Governor of the Uganda Protectorate, the Governor-General  of Uganda or the Government of Uganda, then on and after such commencement all rights, liabilities and obligation of the Uganda Protectorate, Uganda, then on and after such commencement all rights, liabilities and  obligations of the Uganda Protectorate, the Governor-General of Uganda or the Government of Uganda under the contract shall be vested in the Government of Uganda and the contract shall otherwise continue to be of full force and effect.

 

142.              VESTING OR OTHER RIGHTS

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of articles 140 and 141

 

(a)                 any rights, prerogatives, powers, privileges or functions which were vested in the Crown in respect of Uganda under the law as it existed immediately before 9th October, 1963, and were exercisable by Her Majesty the Queen personally shall vest in the President who, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, shall have the power to do all things necessary for the exercise or performance thereof;

 

(b)                 all other prerogatives, powers, privileges or functions which were vested in the Crown in respect of Uganda under the law as it existed immediately before 9th October, 1963, shall vest in the Government of Uganda.

 

143.         LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

(1)                 In the title of any criminal proceedings the prosecution shall be designated by the word “Uganda”.

 

(2)                 Civil proceedings by or against the government of Uganda shall be instituted by or against the Attorney General and all documents required to be served on the Government of Uganda for the purpose of or in connection with those proceedings shall be served on the Attorney-General.

 

(3)                 Subject to the provisions of article 95 and of this article, legal proceedings pending immediately before the commencement of this Constitution before any court including civil proceedings by or against the Government shall not be affected by the commencement of this Constitution.

 

144.         INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT ETC.

 

                Where,

 

(a)                 any treaty, agreement or convention with any country or international organization was made or affirmed by Uganda or the Government of Uganda on or after the 9th October, 1962, and was still in force immediately before the coming into force of this Constitution; or

 

(b)                 Uganda or the Government of Uganda was otherwise a party immediately before the coming into force of this Constitution to any such treaty, agreement or convention; the treaty, agreement or convention shall not be affected by the coming into force of this Constitution and Uganda or the Government of Uganda, as the case may be, shall continue to eb a party thereto.

 

145.              MAILO LAND

 

(1)                 Subject to the provisions of this article, the system of mailo land tenure in the Federal States of Bunyoro and Buganda shall be re-instated as they were on the 15th day of April, 1966.

 

Provided that any other Federal State which may wish to opt for the Mailo Land system should be free to do so.

 

(2)                 The entire property in and control of all minerals and mineral ores in, under or upon, any lands or waters in any mailo land shall be vested in the Government of Uganda.

 

(3)                 For the purpose of this article, the expression “mineral” includes,

 

(a)                 metalliferous ores and other substances in their natural state which are obtainable only by mining or in the course of prospecting operations;

 

(b)                 metalliferous ores and other substances in their natural sate mined or obtained in the course of prospecting operations;

 

(c)                 the valuable parts of such ores or other substances when un manufactured; and

 

(d)                 the product of treating or dressing such ores or such other  substances for marketing or export.

 

(4)                 For the purpose of the immediately preceding clause it is hereby declared that the expression “minerals” shall not include clay, murram, sand, or any stone commonly used for building or similar purposes.

 

(5)                 Parliament may make provision for regulating the estates and interests in and  the transfer of mailo land.

 

 

 

 

 

 

146.              COMPULSORY RETIREMENT TO FACILITATE APPOINTMENT OF LOCAL CANDIDATES

 

(1)                 If the President is satisfied that there are more local candidates qualified for appointment to or promotion in any branch of the public service than there are vacancies in any branch which could appropriately be filled by such local candidates, he may select officers in that branch to whom this article applies and whose retirement would cause vacancies that could appropriately be filled by such suitably qualified local candidates are available and fit for appointment and, by notice in writing, call upon the officers so selected to retire from the public service, and any officer who is so required to retire shall retire accordingly.

 

(2)                 This article shall apply to:

 

(a)                 any entitled officer as defined in the Schedule to the Uganda (Compensation and Retiring Benefits) Order in Council, 1962; and

 

(b)                 any officer on probation who, if he had been confirmed in his appointment, would have been such an entitled officer.

 

 

147.              APPEAL

 

(1)                 If any appropriate authority decided to give such concurrence as is required under clause (1) or (2) of article 107 in respect of any benefits to which that clause applies that may be granted or that have been granted to or I respect of an officer to whom this article applies, or if any such appropriate authority makes any other decision the effect of which is, or might in the opinion of the appropriate authority makes any other decision the effect of which is, or might in the opinion of the appropriate authority be, that any such benefits cannot be granted to or in respect of such and officer, the appropriate authority shall cause to be delivered to the officer concerned or to his personal representatives, a written notice of the decision, stating the time, not being less than fourteen days from the date on which the notice is delivered, within which he or his personal representatives may apply to the appropriate authority for the case to be referred to an Appeals Board.

 

(2)                 Any such decision of an appropriate authority shall not have effect until the expiry  of the time stated in the notice and if application is duly made within that time for the case to be reterred to an Appeals Board, the decision shall not have effect until the final determination of the case under this article and except to the extent authorised by such determination.

 

Provided that the appropriate authority may, pending the expiry of the time stated in the notice or pending the final determination of the case under this article.

 

(a)                 suspend the payment of any benefits to which the decision that is the subject of the reference to the Appeals Board relates; and

 

(b)                 suspend the officer concerned from the exercise of the function of his office.

 

(3)                 If application is duly made within the time stated in the notice for the case to be referred to an Appeals Board, the appropriate authority shall notify the President in writing of that application, and the President shall then appoint an Appeals Board of three members, consisting of,

 

(a)                 one member selected by the President;

 

(b)                 one member selected by an association representative of public officers of which the applicant is qualified to be a member or representative  of the profession of which the applicant is a member, the association being nominated in either case by the applicant; and

 

(c)                 one member selected by two other members jointly, or, in default of agreement between those members by the Judicial Service Commission, from among persons who hold or have held office as a judge of a court having unlimited jurisdiction in appeals from any such court, who shall be chairman.

 

4.                    The Appeals Bard shall inquire into the facts of the case and for that purpose shall hear the applicant if he so requests in writing, and shall hear any other person who in the opinion of the Board, is able to give the Board information on the case, and the Board shall have access to, and shall consider all documents that were available to the appropriate authority and shall also consider any further document relating to the case that may be produced by or on behalf of the applicant or the appropriate authority.

 

5.                    After the Appeals Board has completed its consideration of the case, the Board shall advise the appropriate authority whether the decision of the appropriate authority that is the subject of the reference to the Board should be confirmed, reversed or modified and the appropriate authority to reverse or modify the decision, but shall have the power to grant to the applicant all or part of the pension or other like benefit,

 

(a)                 for which he would have been eligible under any law if he had retired voluntarily at the date of his dismissal; or

 

(b)                 in the case of an applicant who would not have been eligible for the grant of a pension if he had so retired, which could have been granted to him under any law if his service had been terminated in the public interest at the date of his dismissal.

 

 

(6)                 Where power to remove the holder of an office from his office is vested by this Constitution in some person or authority other than an appropriate authority, then in relation to any officer to whom this article applies and who holds such an office, this article shall have effect as if for the reference to a decision of an appropriate authority the effect of which is that any benefits cannot be granted to or in respect of that officer there were substituted a reference to a decision having that effect taken by that person or authority.

 

(7)                 This article shall apply to any officer whose conditions of service include an entitlement to free passengers from East African for the purpose of leave of absence upon the completion of a tour of duty and who is the substantive holder of a pensionable office in the public service.

 

(8)                 For the purpose of this article the expression “approach authority” has the same meaning as in article 121.

 

148.              CESSATION OF CONSTITUTION OF SEPT. 1997

 

It is hereby declared that the Constitution in office immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall cease to have effect from the commencement of his Constitution.

 

149.              INTERPRETATION

 

In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise required, “Act of Parliament” means any law made by the Central Parliament, “Armed Forced of Uganda” means the Uganda Army or any other Armed Forces of Uganda for which provision is so made; “article” means an article fo this Constitution; “Central Government” means the Government of Uganda; “Central Government Politics” means election to Parliament or holding a political office in the Central Government. “Commonwealth and any dependency of such country, and the Republic of Ireland; “Constitutional Traditional Leader” means Constitutional Traditional Leader referred to in article 3 of this Constitution.

 

Federal State” means a state established under article 2 of this Constitution. “Financial year” means the period of twelve months ending on the thirtieth day of June in any year or such other days as Parliament may prescribe;

functions” includes powers and duties;

Gazette” means the Uganda Gazette including any supplement thereof;

“High Court” means the High Court of Uganda;

“Minister” includes the President, the Vice-President, a Minister of State and a Deputy Minister of the Government o Uganda;

“Municipal Council” means the council of a municipality in Uganda established by law;

“Oath included affirmation;

“Oath of allegiance” means such oath of allegiance as may be prescribed by law;

“President” means the president of the Federation of Uganda;

“Public Office” means a person holding or acting in any Public Office;

 

“Public service” means subject tot he provisions of clauses (2) and (3) of this article, service in any civil capacity of the Government of Uganda, any District Administration or Urban Authority;

 

“Session” means the sittings of the Federal parliament beginning when it first meets after the propagation or dissolution of Parliament at any time and ending when Parliament is prorogued or is dissolved without having been prorogued;

 

“Sitting” means a period during which the Central Parliament continuously without adjournment and included any period during which it is in committee;

 

“Speaker” means the Speaker of Parliament in relation to the Central Parliament, and of State Council in relation to a State Council, and “Deputy Speaker” shall be construed accordingly;

 

“State” means a Federal State referred to in Article 2(2)

“Supreme Court” means the Supreme Court of Uganda established under article 95;

“State Council” means the Legislature of a State;

“Teachers” means a person who regularly instructs persons in a school other than a person who gives only religious instruction;

“Traditional Leader” means a Traditional Leader referred to in article (3) of this Constitution.

Uganda” means the Federation of Uganda;

 

“Urban Authority” means a city, municipal or town council or town board established by law;

 

 

 

 

(2)           In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise requires, references to offices in the public service shall be construed as including reference to the offices of judges of the Supreme Court and judges of the High Court and references to the offices of members of all to the courts of law established by parliament, other than courts-martial, being offices the emoluments attaching to which are paid directly out of moneys provided by Parliament, and references to the offices of members of the Uganda Police Force and Uganda Prisons Service and of teachers in the public service.

 

(3)           In this Constitution, references to an office in the public service shall not be construed as including references to the office of the President, the Vice-President, the Speaker or Deputy Speaker of Parliament, a Minister or Deputy Minister, the Attorney-General a member of Parliament or a member of any commission established by this Constitution.

 

(4)                 In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise required, a reference to the holder of an office by the term designating his office shall be construed a reference to any person for the time being lawfully acting in performing the function of that office.

 

(5)                 For the purposes of this Constitution, a person shall not be considered as holding a public office by reason only of the fact that he is in receipt of a pension or  other like allowances in respect of services under the Government of Uganda.

 

(6)                 References in this Constitution to the power to remove a public officer from his office shall be construed as including reference to any power conferred by any law to require or permit that officer to retire from public service.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCHEDULE  I

 

FEDERAL STATES

 

(1)           Acholi State constituting of Districts of Kitgum and Gulu.

 

(2)           Ankole State consisting of the Districts of Mbarara and Bushenyi Headquarters at Mbarara.

 

(3)           Buganda State consisting of the Districts of Kalangala, Kampala, Kiboga, Luwero, Masaka, Mpigi, Mubende and Mukono. Headquarters at Mengo.

 

(4)           Bunyoro State consisting of the Districts of Hoima, Masindi and Kibale. Headquarters at Hoima.

 

(5)           Busoga State  consisting of the Districts of Jinja, Iganga, and Kamuli. Headquarters at Jinja.

 

(6)           Elgon State consisting of the Districts of Mbale and Kapchorwa

                Headquarters at Mbale.

 

(7)           Karamoja State consisting of the Districts of Kotido and Moroco.

Headquarters at Motoro.

 

(8)           Kigezi State consisting of the Districts of Kabale, Rukungiri and Kisoro. Headquarters at Kabale.

 

(9)           Lango State consisting of the Districts of Lira and Apac. Headquarters at Lira.

 

(10)         Rwenzori State consisting of the Districts of Kasese and Bundibugyo. Headquarters at Kasese.

 

(11)         Teso State consisting of the Districts of Soroti and Kumi.

                Headquarters at Soroti.

 

(12)         Toro State consisting of the District of Kabarole. Headquarters at Fortportal.

 

(13)         Tororo State consisting of the Districts of Tororo and Pallisa.

                Headquarters at Tororo.

 

(14)              West Nile State consisting of the Districts of Nebbi, Arua and Moyo.

Headquarters at Arua.

 

There shall also be a Federal Administrative Centre, known as Kampala Territory which shall consist of all that area known as Kampala City as on 9th October 1962. Kampala Territory shall be directly administered by the Central Government.

 

SCHEDULE  II

 

CENTRAL LIST

 

Parliament shall have exclusive powers to make legislation on the following:

 

1.                    Defence and peace of Uganda and every part thereof including preparation for defence and all such acts as my be conducive I times of war to its prosecution and after its termination to effective demobilization.

 

2.                    Naval, military and air forces; any other armed forces; of the Central Government, their privileges, liabilities and any matter related thereto.

 

3.                     Deployment of any force of the Central Government or any other force subject to the control of the Central Government unit contingent thereof to any Federal State and powers, jurisdiction, privileges and liabilities of the members of such forces while on such deployment.

 

4.                    Arms, firearms, ammunition and explosives.

 

5.                    Atomic energy and mineral resources necessary for its production.

 

6.                    Industries declared by Parliament by law to be necessary for the purposes of defence or for the prosecution of war.

 

7.                    Security and intelligence Organs and Investigation Units.

 

8.                    Preventive detention for reasons connected with Defence, Foreign Affairs or the Security of Uganda; persons subjected to such detention.

 

9.                    Foreign affairs and jurisdiction of all matters which bring the Central Government into relation with any foreign country, including diplomatic, consular and trade representation.

 

10.                 Participation in international conferences, associations and other bodies like the United Nations, Organization of Africa Unity, the Commonwealth and implementing of decisions made therefrom.

 

11.                 Entering into treaties and agreements with foreign countries and implementing of treaties, agreements and conventions with foreign countries.

 

12.                 Citizenship, naturalization and aliens.

 

13.                 Extradition.

 

14.                 Admission into, and emigration, immigration, and expulsion from Uganda; Passport and Visas.

 

15.                 Piracies and crimes committed on the high seas or in the air;; offences against the law of nations committed on land or the high seas or in the air.

 

16.                 Railways.

 

17.                 Highways declared by or under law made by Parliament to be national highways.

 

18.                 Shipping, lighthouses and navigation on inland waterways declared by Parliament by law to be national waterways.

 

19.                 Such Airports as are to be constructed by Central Government.

 

20.                 Ports declared by or under Law made by Parliament or existing law to be major ports, including their delimitation, and the construction and powers of port authorities therein.

 

21.                 Airways aircraft and air navigation; provision of aerodromes regulation and organization of air traffic and aerodromes; provision for aeronautical education and training and regulation of such education and training provided by Federal States and other agencies.

 

22.                 Carriage of passengers and goods by railway, sea or air, or by national water ways in mechanically propelled vessels.

 

23.                 Posts and telegraphs, telephones, wireless, broadcasting and other like forms of communication.

 

24.                 Property of the Government of Uganda and the revenue therefrom, but as regards property situated in Federal State subject to legislation by that Federal State, save in so far as Parliament by law otherwise provides.

 

25.                 Trade and commerce with foreign countries and within the Federal States customs frontiers, definition of customs frontiers.

 

26.                 Incorporation, regulation and winding up of corporations and companies trading or not, including banking, insurance and financial corporations.

 

27.                 Banking, insurance, stock exchange markets and all documents used therein such as Bills of exchange, Cheques, promissory notes and other like instruments.

 

28.                 Patents, inventions and designs; copyright, trademarks and merchandise marks.

 

29.                 Establishment of standards of weights and measures, and standards of quality for goods o be exported out of Uganda or transported from one Federal State to another.

 

30.                 Industries, the control of which is declared by Parliament to be expedient in the public interest.

 

 

31.                 Regulation and development of oil fields and mineral oil resources; petroleum and petroleum products; other liquids and substances declared by Parliament by law to be dangerously inflammable or the control of which is in the public interest.

 

32.                 Regulation of mines and mineral  development to the extent to which such regulation and development under the control of the Central Government is declared by Parliament by law to be expedient in the public interest.

 

33.                 Fishing and fisheries beyond territorial waters.

 

34.                 The institution known at the commencement of this Constitutions as Public Libraries and the Uganda Museum.

 

35.                 The institution for scientific or technical education financed by the Central government of Uganda wholly or in part and declared by Parliament by law to be institution of national importance.

 

36.                 Institutions for scientific or technical education financed by the Central Government of Uganda wholly or in part and declared by Parliament by law to be institution of national importance.

 

37.                 Central Government agencies and institutions for: professional, vocational or technical training, including the training of Police Officers; or the promotion of special studies or research.

 

38.                 Prisons, reformatories, Approved schools and other institutions of a like nature, any person detained therein.

 

39.                 Co-ordination and determination of standards in institutions for higher education or research and scientific and technical institutions.

 

40.                 Ancient and historical monuments and records, and archaeological sites and remains declared by or under law made by Parliament.

 

41.                 The Survey of Uganda, the Geological, Botanical, Zoological and Anthropological Surveys of Uganda; Meteorological Organisations.

 

42.                 National  population census.

 

43.                 Central Government Public Service; Judicial Service and Teaching Service.

 

44.                 Central Government pensions, that is to say, pensions payable by the Government of Uganda out of the Consolidated Fund of Uganda.

 

45.                 Elections to Parliament; and to the offices of President and Vice-President; the Election Commission.

 

46.                 Salaries and allowances of members of Parliament including the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Parliament.

 

47.                 Power, privileges and immunities of Parliament and of the members and the committees of Parliament; enforcement of attendance of persons for giving evidence or producing documents before committees of Parliament or commissions appointed by Parliament.

 

48.                 Emoluments, allowances, privileges, and rights in respect of leave of absence, of the President; salaries and allowances of the Ministers for the Central Government; the salaries, allowances, and rights in respect of leave of absence and other conditions of service of all Public Officers.

 

49.                 Auditing of accounts of the Central Government.

 

50.                 Constitution, organization, jurisdiction and powers of the High Court and the Supreme Court and the people entitled to practice before such Courts.

 

51.                 Extension of the powers and jurisdiction of members of a Police Force belonging to any Federal State or to any area outside that State, but not so as to enable the Police of on State, but not so as to enable the Police of one State to exercise powers and jurisdiction in  any area outside that State without the consent of the Government of the State in which such are is situated; extension of the powers and jurisdiction of members of a police force belonging to any state to any area outside that State.

 

52.                 Inter-State migration; Inter-State quarantine, Public Health.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCHEDULE  III

 

CONCURRENT LIST

 

MATTERS WITH RESPECT TO WHICH BOTH PARLIAMENT AND FEDERAL

STATE COUNCILS HAVE POWER TO MAKE LAWS

 

1.                    Police Force

 

2.                    Criminal law and procedure.

 

3.                    Inter-Federal State extraditions.

 

4.                    Marriage and divorce; infants and minors; adoption; Wills, intestacy and succession, joint family and separation; and ll matters in respect of which parties in judicial proceedings were immediately before the commencement of this Constitution subject to their personal law.

 

5.                    Transfer of property, registration deeds and documents.

 

6.                    Contracts, including partnership, agency, contracts of carriage, and other special forms of contracts.

 

7.                    Actionable wrongs.

 

8.                    Bankruptcy and insolvency.

 

9.                    Trusts and Trustees

 

10.                 Administrator-General and official trustees.

 

11.                 Administration of justices; constitution and organisation of all courts except the High Court and the Supreme court.

 

12.                 Evidence and the recognition of laws, public acts and records, and judicial proceedings.

 

13.                 Civil procedure, including all matters included in the Civil Procedure Act at the commencement of this Constitution.

 

14.                 Vagrancy; nomadic and migratory tribes.

 

15.                 Prevention of cruelty to animals, protection of wild animals and birds.

 

16.                 Forests

 

17.                 Adulteration of foodstuffs and other goods.

 

18.                 Drugs and poisons, public health and sanitation, hospitals and dispensaries.

 

19.                 Economic and social planning

 

20.                 Population control and family planning.

 

21.                 Commercial and industrial monopolies, companies and trusts.

 

22.                 Trade unions, industrial and labour disputes.

 

23.                 Social security and social insurance; employment and unemployment

 

24.                 Welfare of labour including conditions of work, provident funds, employer’s liability, workmen’s compensation, invalidity and old age pensions and maternity benefits.

 

25.                 Education.

 

26.                 Legal, medical and other professions.

 

27.                 Charities and charitable institutions, charitable and religious endowment and religious institutions.

 

28.                 Prevention of the extension from one State to another of infectious or contagious diseases or pests affecting men, animals or plants.

 

29.                 Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths.

 

30.                 Ports other than those declared by or under law made by Parliament or existing law to be major ports.

 

31.                 Shipping and navigation on inland waterways as regards mechanically propelled vessels, and the carriage of passengers and goods on inland waterways subject to the provisions of schedule 11 with respect to national waterways.

 

32.                 Trade and commerce in, and the production, supply and distribution of:

 

(a)                 the products of any industry where the control of such industry by he Federal State is declared by Parliament by law to be expedient in the public interest, and imported goods of the same kind as such products;

 

(b)                 foodstuffs;

 

(c)                 All agricultural produce.